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Push-Pull Workout: A Comprehensive Guide

Can a push-pull workout routine be an option for individuals who want focused training on specific muscle groups and balanced muscle development throughout the body?

Push-Pull Strength Training

A “push-pull” workout is a training style in which you split your exercise routine into separate days dedicated to “push” exercises (targeting muscles like the chest, shoulders, and triceps) and “pull” exercises (targeting muscles like the back and biceps). This allows focused training on each muscle group by isolating their primary movement patterns—pushing away from the body or pulling towards it. The workout often accompanies a separate leg day to complete the full-body workout. This routine comes from bodybuilding. Bodybuilders use this method to maximize their workouts and rest periods. By splitting their workouts into push exercises one day and pull exercises another, they can work out more often without overtraining. (Castanheira R. P. M. et al., 2017)

Upper Body Push Exercises

These exercises involve all the movements that push the weights away from your body. These exercises typically focus on the quads, outer thighs, chest, shoulders, and triceps. (Collins P. 2009)

Pushups

  • Push-ups are a versatile bodyweight exercise that engages multiple muscle groups, including the chest, shoulders, triceps, and core.

Chest Presses

  • Chest presses are exercises that target the pectoral muscles (chest muscles).
  • They can be performed with various equipment and techniques, providing a comprehensive workout for the chest.

Chest Flies

  • Chest flies are a weightlifting exercise that targets the pectoral muscles (chest muscles).
  • They are performed by lying on a bench and extending the arms outward with weights in each hand.
  • The weights are then lowered in an arc motion until they are slightly below chest level before being raised back to the starting position.

Overhead Presses

  • An overhead press is a weight-training exercise that involves pushing a weight above your head.
  • Also known as a shoulder, military, or strict press.

Lateral Raises

  • Lateral raises are an isolation exercise that targets the lateral deltoid muscle on the shoulder’s side.
  • They raise the arms laterally (out to the sides) while slightly bending at the elbows.

Bent Arm Lateral Raises

  • A bent-over lateral raise is a weightlifting exercise that strengthens the rear deltoids, the muscles on the back of the shoulders.
  • It also works other upper and lower body muscles, including the trapezius, rhomboids, triceps, hamstrings, and lower back.

Front Raises

  • Front raises are a weight training exercise that targets the shoulder muscles.
  • They can also help build strength and stability in the upper body.

Dips

  • Dips are an upper-body exercise that uses your body weight to strengthen your triceps and chest.

Triceps Extensions

  • Triceps extensions are resistance exercises that target the triceps muscles in the back of the upper arm.
  • They involve extending the arms at the elbows while keeping the shoulders stationary.

Skull Crushers

  • Skull crushers are a weightlifting exercise that targets the triceps muscles in the upper arms.
  • They are performed by lying on a bench or floor, holding a weight (such as a dumbbell or barbell) overhead, and then lowering it towards the forehead while keeping the elbows slightly bent.
  • This exercise helps to strengthen and build muscle mass in the triceps.

Upper Body Pull Exercises

Pull exercises are movements where you are pulling the weight toward your body. These exercises primarily use the biceps, hamstrings, glutes, and back muscles. A routine set up in which you do a push routine one day and a pull routine the next without working the same muscles two days in a row.

Barbell Rows

  • Often referred to as a “bent-over row” due to the hinged position of your body during the movement.
  • A barbell row is a weightlifting exercise in which you bend over at the hips, grasp a barbell with an overhand grip, and pull the weight toward your stomach.
  • This exercise primarily targets the upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi, while also engaging the core and posterior chain muscles.

One Arm Rows

  • A variation of the bent-over row, a one-arm row, also known as a single-arm dumbbell row, is an upper-body exercise that targets the back muscles using a dumbbell and a bench.

Double arm rows

  • A “double arm row” is a rowing exercise in which you simultaneously pull a weight toward your body using both arms, typically with a barbell or dumbbell.
  • This exercise engages your upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi, trapezius, and rhomboids.
  • To effectively target the back muscles, you maintain a bent-over position. Essentially, it’s the opposite movement of a chest press, but you use both arms simultaneously.

Barbell High Rows

  • A barbell high row, also known as a wide row, is an exercise that uses a barbell to work the upper and mid back muscles.

Dumbell Pullovers

  • Dumbbell pullovers are a weightlifting exercise that targets the chest, back, and shoulder muscles.

Seated Rows with Resistance Bands

  • A “seated row with bands” is an exercise where you sit on the ground, loop a resistance band around your feet, and then pull the handles towards your chest, mimicking a rowing motion.
  • By squeezing the shoulder blades together, this motion primarily targets the upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi and rhomboids.
  • You are essentially performing a seated row movement using the tension of a resistance band instead of weights.

Lat Pulls with Resistance Band

  • Lat pulls with a resistance band are a back exercise that strengthens the latissimus dorsi muscles and can improve posture.

Back extensions

  • Back extensions are an exercise that strengthens and isolates the lower back muscles, also known as the erector spinae.

Seated Alternating Rows

  • A seated alternating row is an exercise that targets the upper back, biceps, and lats.
  • It can be performed using a resistance machine or with a band.

Renegade Rows

  • A renegade row is a full-body exercise that combines a plank with a dumbbell row.
  • It’s an advanced exercise that targets the upper body, back, shoulders, and core.

Biceps Curls

  • A bicep curl involves bending the arm at the elbow towards the body, strengthening the biceps, the large muscles in the front of the upper arm.

Home Equipment

Resistance bands and a quality pair of adjustable dumbbells are recommended for home training. These don’t take up much space and can be used for most upper-body exercises. To set up a more dedicated space for workouts, add a weight bench or a full home gym to increase your push-pull training options.

Benefits

Push-pull workouts are great for anybody, whether you’re a bodybuilder or just someone lifting weights to be strong and fit. This routine is usually spread out over three days of training, allowing for shorter workouts. These can help you stay committed despite a busy schedule and are easier than longer, total-body workouts. These exercises can also be done with a cable pulley system or resistance bands.

  1. Day 1 might be a push upper body workout.
  2. Day 2 might be a lower-body workout.
  3. Day 3 might be the pull upper body workout.

First, push-pull workouts allow you to work your muscles without overstressing them. (Castanheira R. P. M. et al., 2017) Second, although they are more frequent, push-pull workouts are shorter, so more can be done because your other muscles are resting. Third, push-pull routines are more interesting and contain more variety, as they can be done in various ways.

Alternating Workouts

Trainers recommend changing workouts every 6-12 weeks to avoid hitting a plateau, which can delay weight loss (American Council on Exercise, 2001). For example, you could do a push-pull routine for a few weeks and then switch to a different training method, pyramid training. Then, return to total body workouts, which you can do up to 3 non-consecutive days a week. Circuit training may be an option because the quick workouts allow you to get your cardio in simultaneously. (Haltom R. W. et al., 1999) With so many different training methods, there’s no need to do the same workouts repeatedly.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

For those who are easily bored with weight training and prefer a variety of exercises, this can be a refreshing way to stay focused and avoid burnout. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Transform Your Body


References

Castanheira, R. P. M., Ferreira-Junior, J. B., Celes, R. S., Rocha-Junior, V. A., Cadore, E. L., Izquierdo, M., & Bottaro, M. (2017). Effects of Synergist vs. NonSynergist Split Resistance Training Routines on Acute Neuromuscular Performance in Resistance-Trained Men. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 31(12), 3482–3488. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001762

Collins, P. (2009). Functional Fitness. Germany: Meyer & Meyer Sport, Limited.

American Council on Exercise. (2001). Weight Loss Plateaus and Pitfalls. ACE. https://contentcdn.eacefitness.com/assets/education-resources/lifestyle/fitfacts/pdfs/fitfacts/itemid_69.pdf

Haltom, R. W., Kraemer, R. R., Sloan, R. A., Hebert, E. P., Frank, K., & Tryniecki, J. L. (1999). Circuit weight training and its effects on excess postexercise oxygen consumption. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 31(11), 1613–1618. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199911000-00018

The Prevalence of Rotator Cuff Tears and Treatment Approaches

Could older individuals who do not have symptoms of shoulder pain or loss of shoulder and arm function have a rotator cuff tear?

Rotator Cuff Tear Physical Therapy

A rotator cuff tear is a common injury to the four muscles and tendons surrounding and stabilizing the shoulder joint. Studies have shown that (Geary M. B., & Elfar J. C. 2015)

  • 30% of those under the age of 70
  • 70% of those over age 80 have a rotator cuff tear. 

Physical therapy is often recommended as a first-line initial treatment for rotator cuff pain. In most cases, a rotator cuff tear will not need surgical treatment. Determining when surgery is necessary depends on several factors a patient can discuss with their healthcare provider.

Causes

  • Overuse and repetitive motions
  • Trauma (e.g., falls, collisions)
  • Age-related degeneration

Symptoms

  • Shoulder pain, especially with overhead or rotational movements
  • Weakness and difficulty raising the arm
  • Clicking or grinding sounds in the shoulder
  • Limited range of motion

Treatment

The goal of physical therapy for a rotator cuff tear is not necessarily to heal the torn tendon but to relieve pain and improve strength by reducing inflammation and restoring shoulder joint mechanics. This is achieved through physical therapy, ice application, anti-inflammatory treatments like medications, and cortisone injections.

Physical Therapy

The goal of physical therapy is to improve the function of the muscles that surround the shoulder. Physical therapy targets the smaller muscles around the shoulder that are commonly neglected. By strengthening these muscles, the treatment can help compensate for damaged tendons and improve the mechanics of the shoulder joint. A chiropractic physical therapy team will develop a personalized exercise program. Generally, rehabilitation will start with gentle range of motion exercises that can be accomplished using the arms to lift a mobility stick/wand overhead.

Shoulder Pulleys

  • These improve shoulder range of motion and flexibility.

Isometric Exercises

  • These exercises are for the rotator cuff muscles and may then be started.
  • This exercise can improve the contracting of the muscles around the shoulder and offer more support to the shoulder joint.

Scapular Stabilization Exercises

  • These can also be done to improve the muscles surrounding the shoulder blade’s function.
  • This can help improve how the shoulder joint, arm, and scapulae move together when using the arm.

Advanced Strengthening

  • Advanced exercises can be done with a dumbbell or resistance band.

Consult your healthcare provider or physical therapist before starting these or any other exercises for a rotator cuff tear. Doing exercises correctly prevents further pain, injury, or shoulder problems. Specific, focused exercises can help expedite and regain normal shoulder function.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

The prognosis for rotator cuff tears depends on the severity of the tear and the individual’s overall health. With proper treatment, most people can regain the full function of their shoulders. However, some may experience ongoing pain or limitations in severe cases. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Shoulder Pain Chiropractic Treatment


References

Geary, M. B., & Elfar, J. C. (2015). Rotator Cuff Tears in the Elderly Patients. Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation, 6(3), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/2151458515583895

Discover the Delightful World of Rice Noodles

Can incorporating rice noodles be a healthy alternative to traditional pasta for individuals looking to change their normal routine?

Rice Noodles

Several alternatives are available to replace wheat-based pasta, including:

  • Black beans
  • Chickpeas
  • Edamame
  • Lentils
  • Rice

Like gluten-free pasta, rice noodles are made with rice flour instead of semolina wheat. Different types of rice, such as brown and white, can be used to make rice noodles. The ingredients are typically rice flour, water, and tapioca starch for texture. Compared with wheat pasta, rice noodles have a mild flavor and texture.

Nutrition

Rice noodle calories and nutrition information is for 1 cup of cooked noodles. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2020)

  • Calories – 187
  • Fat – 0.4 grams
  • Carbohydrates – 41.8 grams
  • Protein – 3.1 grams
  • Fiber – 1.75 grams
  • Sugar – 0.05 grams
  • Sodium – 438 milligrams

Carbohydrates

Regular spaghetti noodles are made with semolina, which comes from durum wheat. Rice noodles are a healthy source of complex carbohydrates, with 41.8g of carbohydrates per serving. Individuals who follow a low-carb diet or track their carb intake should consider portion sizes when enjoying rice noodle dishes.

Fats

Rice noodles contain less than 1g of fat per serving. However, the fat content of meals may vary depending on the other ingredients, sauces, and toppings. Foods high in fat, such as vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, avocados, fish, and eggs, will increase the total fat.

Protein

Rice noodles have 3.1g of protein per serving. Although they are not a significant source of protein, they can be paired with other protein sources, such as meat, fish, or tofu, to make high-protein meals.

Vitamins and Minerals

Rice noodles contain small amounts of:

  • Calcium
  • Iron
  • Magnesium
  • Zinc

Health Benefits

The noodles are an alternative to regular pasta, which can be a healthful addition to a well-balanced diet and make for a great gluten-free pasta alternative.

Energy Levels

  • Because they are predominantly made of carbohydrate calories, they are beneficial for increasing and sustaining energy levels.

Gluten-Free Alternative

  • Rice noodles are especially beneficial for individuals who follow a gluten-free diet.
  • Individuals with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity should read rice noodle packaging carefully to ensure it is gluten-free.
  • The noodles are also suitable for vegan, vegetarian, low-fat, and low-calorie diets.

Allergies

The noodles are inherently gluten-free because the main ingredient is rice flour. However, individuals with gluten intolerance should ensure no cross-contamination occurs with other non-gluten-free ingredients. Individuals with dietary allergies should check the label to see if cross-contamination may have occurred during processing or if a rice noodle product contains added allergens. Rice noodles are also free of other common allergens, including dairy, soy, eggs, fish, nuts, and wheat.

Preparation

They are cooked by boiling them in water, which rehydrates them. Once cooked, they can be used like regular pasta noodles. They are commonly used in stir-fries and Italian pasta dishes and can be used as substitutes for wheat, egg, and ramen noodles. If a recipe calls for any noodles, use rice noodles instead to change up the texture and flavor.

Storage and Safety

The noodles should be stored in a cool, dry place like the pantry. They come in vacuum-sealed packaging or boxes, so they do not need refrigeration until cooked.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic focuses on and treats injuries and chronic pain syndromes through personalized care plans that improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs to relieve pain. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and various medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.


Atherosclerosis: The Joint Pain Connection


References

U.S. Department of Agriculture, FoodData Central. (2020). Rice Noodles, cooked. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1101528/nutrients

The Benefits of Standing Lower Back Flexion for Pain Management

Could incorporating standing lumbar flexion exercise into a daily routine help decrease pain and improve overall spinal mobility for individuals with low back pain?

Standing Lower Back Flexion Exercise

A chiropractic physical therapy team visit can help determine which exercises are best for an individual’s injury or condition and teach them what to stop doing if they have low back pain. Exercise and proper posture can decrease discomfort and improve mobility for individuals with low back pain. (Suh, J. H. et al., 2019) Sometimes, exercises that bend backward are recommended, while other times, flexion or forward bending movements are the best way to manage lower back pain. Many find the standing Williams lumbar flexion exercises maneuver helpful for low back pain. (Amila A, Syapitri H, Sembiring E. 2021)

Benefits

Individuals with certain diagnoses may benefit from spinal flexion. These diagnoses include:

Be sure to speak with a healthcare provider to understand the diagnosis and low back symptoms, and work with a physical therapist to be sure that forward flexion of the spine is the correct exercise for your back.

When To Avoid Lumbar Flexion

Some should avoid excessive forward bending, which could cause further damage or injury to the spine. Reasons to avoid flexion include:

Before starting this or any other exercise program for your spine, check with a healthcare provider or physical therapist.

How to Perform

Gradually progressing with other gentle lumbar flexion exercises before full-standing lumbar flexion is recommended. These include performing a week or two of lumbar flexion lying down, followed by a couple weeks of lumbar flexion seated. Once these exercises are easy to perform and pain-free, progress with lumbar flexion standing postures.​To perform, follow these steps:

  • Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart.
  • Slowly bend forward by sliding your hands down the front of your thighs.
  • Reach down as far as possible and let your lower back bend forward.
  • Grab your ankles and gently pull into more forward flexion to increase the backstretch.
  • Hold the end position for a second or two, then slowly return to the starting position.

As you exercise, be sure to monitor changes in symptoms. Pain worsening in the back or traveling down your leg indicates that you should stop the exercise (Spine-health, 2017). If the pain decreases in your leg or centralizes to your back, continue the exercise. Standing lumbar flexion can be repeated for 10 repetitions a couple of times daily. It can help decrease low back or leg pain symptoms and stretch tight hamstrings and back muscles. (Montefiore Pediatric Orthopedic and Scoliosis Center, 2003)

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Exercise can also prevent future lower back problems. Standing back flexion, postural correction, regular physical activity, and exercise are tools for keeping the spine healthy. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


What Causes Disc Herniation?


References

Suh, J. H., Kim, H., Jung, G. P., Ko, J. Y., & Ryu, J. S. (2019). The effect of lumbar stabilization and walking exercises on chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine, 98(26), e16173. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000016173

Amila A, Syapitri H, Sembiring E. (2021). The effect of William Flexion Exercise on reducing pain intensity for elderly with low back pain. Int J Nurs Health Serv., 4(1), 28-36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35654/ijnhs.v4i1.374

Lurie, J., & Tomkins-Lane, C. (2016). Management of lumbar spinal stenosis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 352, h6234. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h6234

Sfeir, J. G., Drake, M. T., Sonawane, V. J., & Sinaki, M. (2018). Vertebral compression fractures associated with yoga: a case series. European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 54(6), 947–951. https://doi.org/10.23736/S1973-9087.18.05034-7

Howell E. R. (2012). Conservative management of a 31 year old male with left sided low back and leg pain: a case report. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 56(3), 225–232.

Spine-health. (2017). Exercise with lower back pain: Should you work through the pain? Spine-health
Knowledge from Veritas. https://www.spine-health.com/blog/exercising-lower-back-pain-should-you-work-through-pain

Montefiore Pediatric Orthopedic and Scoliosis Center. Center, M. P. O. a. S. (2003). Low Back Strain. https://www.cham.org/File%20Library/Global%20Navigation/Expertise%20And%20Programs/Pediatric%20Expertise/Orthopedics/Monte-LOW-BACK-STRAIN-WITH-EXERCISES.pdf

Sparkling Water and Weight Loss: Does It Really Work?

Can individuals add sparkling water to their diet to help lower blood sugar and aid with weight loss?

Sparkling Water

Sparkling water is generally considered a healthy drink with health benefits. It is refreshing, increases hydration, improves digestion, and may even help with weight loss (Takahashi A. 2025) (University of Chicago Medicine, 2023). This is nothing new. A previous study suggested that carbonated water makes the body feel full. The carbonation in sparkling water can trick the stomach into feeling fuller, potentially reducing overall calorie intake by curbing snacking between meals, which could prevent overeating and weight gain. (Wakisaka S. et al., 2012) However, a new report suggests carbonated water may help with weight loss by enhancing glucose/sugar uptake and metabolism. (Takahashi A. 2025) But further research is needed.

Lower Blood Sugar Levels

The report compared the effects of carbonated water to hemodialysis, a treatment that filters blood for individuals with kidney failure. (Takahashi A. 2025) Hemodialysis turns the blood alkaline, enhancing glucose absorption and metabolism. (EurekAlert, 2025)

Researchers assume that the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbed after drinking sparkling water and the CO2 supplied during hemodialysis behave similarly. Carbonated water may consume glucose in the blood near the stomach, temporarily lowering blood sugar levels. However, the researchers suggested that follow-up continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) studies to measure blood sugar levels before and after drinking carbonated water would be necessary to validate the effect.

This does not mean that after drinking sparkling water, there will be major changes to an individual’s weight. Something metabolically is probably happening, but it’s still barely being discovered. The impact of CO2 in carbonated water is not a standalone solution for weight loss. (Takahashi A. 2025)

Adding To A Diet

If sparkling water can help manage blood glucose, it could also affect how the body stores fat. Over time, high blood sugar levels can overwhelm the body, and excess sugar becomes stored as body fat instead of being stored properly for energy use, causing weight gain. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024) But for the most part, according to the research, the carbon dioxide in sparkling water may help to prevent this by stimulating glycolysis, or the process the body uses to break down glucose for energy and keep blood sugar levels low. (National Cancer Institute, N.D) (Takahashi A. 2025) Further research is needed to confirm and understand how sparkling water can proficiently and effectively work for weight loss.

Carbonated water alone is unlikely to contribute to significant weight loss. However, sparkling water can be a useful tool for weight loss as part of a healthy lifestyle (Takahashi A. 2025). A balanced diet and regular exercise are still essential for effective weight management.

Weight Gain

Some researchers have questioned whether sparkling water can lead to weight gain. A study on rats and humans found a link between drinking carbonated water and increased levels of the hunger-stimulating hormone ghrelin. (Eweis D. S., Abed F., & Stiban J. 2017) This could lead to increased appetite and higher calorie consumption, but more research is needed, as sleep, physical activity levels and hydration also impact hormones.

Individuals interested in including carbonated water in a balanced diet should check the labels for the caloric content, added sugars, and sugar alcohols, like xylitol or erythritol, which can cause gas or bloating. It is ideal if the label says water and carbonation; the fewer ingredients, the better.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Chiropractic Care and Metabolism: The Hidden Link


References

Takahashi A. (2025). Can carbonated water support weight loss? BMJ Nutr Prev Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001108

University of Chicago Medicine. (2023). Is sparkling water good for you? What about hard seltzer? https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/health-and-wellness-articles/is-carbonated-water-good-for-you

Wakisaka, S., Nagai, H., Mura, E., Matsumoto, T., Moritani, T., & Nagai, N. (2012). The effects of carbonated water upon gastric and cardiac activities and fullness in healthy young women. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 58(5), 333–338. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.58.333

EurekAlert. (2025). Fizzy water might aid weight loss by boosting glucose uptake and metabolism. BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001108

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). About insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/about/insulin-resistance-type-2-diabetes.html

National Cancer Institute. (N.D.). Glycolysis. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/glycolysis

Eweis, D. S., Abed, F., & Stiban, J. (2017). Carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages induces ghrelin release and increased food consumption in male rats: Implications on the onset of obesity. Obesity research & clinical practice, 11(5), 534–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2017.02.001

Headaches and Neck Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Could individuals who are having headaches with neck pain need emergency treatment or need to get started with sustained physical therapy?

Headaches and Neck Pain

Headaches and neck pain are two very common symptoms. They often occur together and signal common health issues, including fatigue, sinus headaches, and migraines. The combination can also occur due to serious health issues such as a concussion or meningitis. Causes of headaches with neck pain range from various causes, such as not getting enough sleep, having the neck in an awkward position, or having a hangover, to life-threatening issues like fluid buildup in the brain. It is recommended that individuals see a healthcare provider as soon as possible to rule out any life-threatening issues. Discuss the symptoms of neck pain with headache, what can cause these symptoms, and discuss treatment and prevention.

Symptoms

Symptoms are similar to what they feel like when they occur alone. Headache can present as:

  • A feeling of fullness in the head
  • Head soreness
  • Sharp head pain
  • Throbbing head pain
  • Pounding head pain

Neck pain can present as:

  • Pain in the back of the neck
  • Pain and/or aching of the upper back and/or shoulders

Associated Symptoms

Additional symptoms are common. Symptoms associated with headaches and neck pain include:

  • Neck stiffness
  • Trouble concentrating
  • Exhaustion or sleepiness
  • Aching throughout the body
  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Vertigo – feeling like the room is spinning.
  • Photophobia – discomfort when looking at bright lights.
  • A feeling of numbness or tingling down the arm

Generally, associated symptoms suggest a more severe cause and can help a healthcare provider make a diagnosis.

Emergency Help

New symptoms of headache or neck pain can indicate a serious condition. If you develop these symptoms together, get prompt medical attention.

Causes

There are a variety of medical conditions that can cause headaches and neck pain. Both of these conditions are caused by irritation of sensory nerve fibers. Sometimes, head or neck pain can spread to other areas because the sensory nerves of these structures are so close together. (Côté P. et al., 2019) Additionally, a medical condition like an infection can affect the other due to proximity. Causes of headaches with neck pain include:

Headaches

  • Sinus headaches, tension headaches, and cervicogenic headaches are usually associated with head pain, but they can also involve neck pain. (Côté P. et al., 2019)

Migraine

  • Migraines are commonly associated with headaches and often cause neck pain as well.
  • In addition, they can cause nausea and body aches.

Fatigue

  • Being tired commonly leads to temporary headaches and neck pain until thorough rest is achieved.

Alcohol Consumption and/or a Hangover

  • For many, drinking can trigger a headache.
  • This is a common migraine trigger, but it can also trigger headaches for those who don’t have migraines.

Muscle Strain

  • Prolonged or recurrent positions that strain the neck muscles, like lifting or sitting at a desk, can cause aching or pain that involves both the head and neck. (Houle M. et al., 2021)

Injuries

  • Trauma such as whiplash or falling can cause soreness in the head and neck.
  • Bruises or other injuries may be present.
  • Severe injuries can cause damage to the skull, brain, spine, spinal nerves, or spinal cord.

Concussion

  • A concussion often causes trouble concentrating, persistent headaches, and neck pain.
  • Usually, these symptoms improve within a few weeks after a mild concussion.

Meningitis

  • Inflammation or infection of the lining around the brain and spinal cord causes pain or tenderness in the head, back, and neck.
  • Neck stiffness and fever are commonly associated symptoms.

Pinched Nerve

  • Arthritis is a common cause of pressure on spinal nerves.
  • A pinched nerve in the upper spine can cause pain in the head and neck and tingling down the arm.

Herniated Disc

  • Degenerative arthritis or trauma can cause a spinal disc to press on a nerve and possibly on the spinal cord.
  • This may cause loss of sensation or weakness of the arm.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • This is a serious condition caused by bleeding of a blood vessel in the brain.
  • Irritation and inflammation can cause severe head and neck pain, possibly with seizures and loss of consciousness.

Hydrocephalus

  • Fluid can accumulate around the brain, causing pain-inducing pressure.
  • Causes include obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow due to brain tumors, brain infections, or congenital malformations. (Langner S. et al., 2017)

Increased Intracranial Pressure

  • Pressure on the brain and the brain’s blood vessels can cause pain.
  • Causes of pressure within the skull include hydrocephalus, head trauma, brain tumors, or swelling from a stroke.
  • Severe cases can cause lethargy or loss of consciousness.

Brain or Spine cancer

  • Cancer of the brain or within the spine can cause pain affecting the head and neck, often with other symptoms, like loss of vision.

Treatment

Talk to a healthcare provider about the following treatments. Treating headaches with neck pain includes methods that address symptoms and methods that treat the underlying cause. The medications used for headaches with neck pain often reduce both symptoms, but this depends on the cause. Treatments that can relieve both headaches and neck pain when they occur together include:

  • Getting proper sleep to alleviate fatigue.
  • Rest and rehabilitation after a concussion or another injury.
  • Physical therapy to keep muscles flexible and relaxed.
  • Non-surgical decompression and traction to decompress the spine.
  • Pain medication to relieve pain after minor trauma.
  • Migraine medication or sinus headache treatment (Petersen S. M., Jull G. A., & Learman K. E. 2019)
  • Fluids for meningitis treatment and antibiotics for bacterial meningitis.
  • Surgical procedures for a tumor or subarachnoid hemorrhage.
  • A surgical procedure to relieve hydrocephalus.

Headache Treatment

You can do a few things to relieve your headaches, and although they won’t directly take away your neck pain, your headache relief might also decrease your neck pain. These include:

  • Avoiding loud noises
  • Cranial massage
  • Applying gentle cranial pressure
  • Avoiding bright lights as much as possible
  • Using specialized migraine sunglasses

Neck Pain Treatment

Some treatments that can specifically treat neck pain include:

  • Exercise, stretching, and physical therapy (Côté P. et al., 2019)
  • Ice or heat
  • Muscle relaxants
  • Anti-inflammatory injections

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

It can be difficult to know whether a serious problem is causing headaches and neck pain. The more dangerous conditions don’t necessarily cause more severe pain. This is why getting medical attention is crucial if you have these symptoms together. If you frequently have both headaches and neck pain, it can have a substantial impact on your quality of life. There are ways to manage the symptoms, including preventative measures such as physical therapy, exercises, and avoiding triggers. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Tension Headaches


References

Côté, P., Yu, H., Shearer, H. M., Randhawa, K., Wong, J. J., Mior, S., Ameis, A., Carroll, L. J., Nordin, M., Varatharajan, S., Sutton, D., Southerst, D., Jacobs, C., Stupar, M., Taylor-Vaisey, A., Gross, D. P., Brison, R. J., Paulden, M., Ammendolia, C., Cassidy, J. D., … Lacerte, M. (2019). Non-pharmacological management of persistent headaches associated with neck pain: A clinical practice guideline from the Ontario protocol for traffic injury management (OPTIMa) collaboration. European journal of pain (London, England), 23(6), 1051–1070. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1374

Houle, M., Lessard, A., Marineau-Bélanger, É., Lardon, A., Marchand, A. A., Descarreaux, M., & Abboud, J. (2021). Factors associated with headache and neck pain among telecommuters – a five days follow-up. BMC Public Health, 21(1), 1086. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11144-6

Langner, S., Fleck, S., Baldauf, J., Mensel, B., Kühn, J. P., & Kirsch, M. (2017). Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus in Adults. Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik des Hydrozephalus beim Erwachsenen. RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin, 189(8), 728–739. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-108550

Petersen, S. M., Jull, G. A., & Learman, K. E. (2019). Self-reported sinus headaches are associated with neck pain and cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction: a preliminary observational case-control study. The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy, 27(4), 245–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/10669817.2019.1572987

Detecting Alcoholic Peripheral Neuropathy: Signs and Testing

Excessive alcohol consumption: what is alcoholic peripheral neuropathy?

Alcoholic Peripheral Neuropathy

Alcoholic peripheral neuropathy (ALN) is a condition that damages the nerves in the body due to chronic alcohol consumption. It can cause sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction, which can lead to disability. This damage prevents the nerves from communicating information. Most symptoms generally start as mild but typically worsen over time as the neuropathy progresses. The most common symptoms are: (National Library of Medicine, 2023)

  • Numbness or tingling sensation in the extremities
  • Pain or a burning sensation in the extremities
  • Difficulty walking
  • Difficulty urinating
  • Difficulty talking or swallowing

 Affected nerves include the peripheral and autonomic nerves, which help regulate internal body functions. Around 46% of chronic alcohol users will eventually develop the condition. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019)

Causes

The exact cause of alcoholic neuropathy is unclear. But it is directly related to heavy and long-term alcohol consumption. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019) It is believed overconsumption of alcohol can directly harm and hinder the nerves’ ability to communicate information. Unhealthy nutritional habits are often associated with it as well. Research shows that decreased thiamine/B vitamin plays a role, while others suggest an overall dietary deficiency may play a role. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019) However, alcoholic neuropathy can also occur without the presence of malnutrition. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019)

Neuropathy Development and Progression

Alcoholic neuropathy develops depending on many factors, including the amount of daily/nightly alcohol consumed, age and overall health, nutritional intake, and other individual factors. In most cases, the neuropathy takes several years or decades to develop, depending on the amount of alcohol consumed.

Symptoms

Symptoms are usually related to nerve dysfunction and include: (National Library of Medicine, 2023)

  • A tingling or pins-and-needles sensation in the extremities.
  • Numbness of the extremities, most commonly in the legs or feet. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019)
  • Pain or burning sensation in the arms, legs, or feet.
  • Symptoms that occur in the arms and legs typically affect both sides.
  • Cramps, aches, or weakness of the muscles.
  • Constipation or diarrhea.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Difficulty urinating or incontinence.
  • Difficulty walking.
  • Difficulty talking or swallowing.
  • Heat intolerance.
  • Erection difficulties.

Most symptoms begin as mild and usually worsen over time as the neuropathy progresses. Alcoholic neuropathy affects individuals who consume excessive amounts of alcohol over a long time. (Julian T., Glascow N., Syeed R., & Zis P. 2019)

Diagnosis

Symptoms can vary significantly so that a diagnosis may take time. It usually involves a combination of the following (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2024)

Medical History

  • Healthcare providers will collect data involving past medical history and all current symptoms.

Physical Exam

  • This exam looks at other medical conditions contributing to symptoms, like diabetes or high blood pressure.

Neurological Exam

  • This is a noninvasive exam to determine the location and extent of neurological damage.
  • Healthcare providers may ask patients several questions and have them complete a series of small movements to check neurological function.

Blood and Urine Tests

  • These tests can detect diabetes, liver and kidney problems, infections, vitamin deficiencies, and other conditions that can cause neuropathic conditions.

Chronic alcohol use can also affect how the body stores and uses vitamins necessary for healthy nerve function. Vitamin levels that a healthcare provider may check include: (National Library of Medicine, 2023)

  • Vitamin A
  • Biotin
  • Folic acid
  • Niacin, or vitamin B3
  • Pyridoxine, or vitamin B6
  • Pantothenic acid

Liver Disease

Individuals with chronic liver disease often have neuropathy. The severity and stage are associated with a higher incidence of neuropathy. (Pasha MB, Ather MM, Tanveer MA, et al. 2019)

Treatment

Alcoholic neuropathy is not reversible, even when quitting drinking. However, individuals with the condition can make healthy changes to minimize symptoms and receive help for chronic alcohol use. The first step is stopping alcohol consumption. (Chopra K., & Tiwari V. 2012) Talk to a healthcare provider about what options are available. Treatment can include:

  • In-patient or outpatient rehab
  • Therapy
  • Medication
  • Social support from groups like Alcoholics Anonymous

A combination of treatments will likely be utilized. Other treatment options involve symptom management and preventing further injuries and may include:

  • Physical therapy
  • Keeping the head elevated while sleeping.
  • Orthopedic splints to maintain limb function and positioning.
  • Wearing compression stockings.
  • Adding vitamins and supplements.
  • Eating extra salt for those without hypertension
  • Medications to reduce pain and discomfort.
  • Intermittent catheterization or manual expression of urine for those with difficulty urinating.

Individuals with neuropathy may have reduced sensitivity in the arms and legs. If this occurs, additional steps need to be taken to prevent other injuries, that include (National Library of Medicine, 2023)

  • Wear special footwear to prevent foot injuries.
  • Checking feet daily for wounds.
  • Prevent burns by ensuring that bath and shower water is not too hot.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Peripheral Neuropathy Myths and Facts


References

National Library of Medicine. (2023). Alcoholic neuropathy. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000714.htm

Julian, T., Glascow, N., Syeed, R., & Zis, P. (2019). Alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology, 266(12), 2907–2919. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-9123-1

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2024). Peripheral neuropathy. Retrieved from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/peripheral-neuropathy

Pasha MB, A. M., Tanveer MA, et al. (2019). Frequency of peripheral neuropathy in chronic liver disease. Med Forum Monthly, 30(8), 23-26. https://medicalforummonthly.com/index.php/mfm/article/view/3761

Chopra, K., & Tiwari, V. (2012). Alcoholic neuropathy: possible mechanisms and future treatment possibilities. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 73(3), 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04111.x

Managing Myofascial Pain Syndrome: Breaking the Spasm Cycle

For individuals who have to be in one position for long periods, have poor postural alignment, and perform repetitive motions, what are myofascial pain syndrome spasm cycles?

Myofascial Pain Syndrome Spasm Cycles

Myofascial pain syndrome is a common condition that causes pain symptoms in a particular body area (Jafri M. S. 2014). A myofascial pain syndrome spasm cycle is a recurring pattern in which muscle tension and spasms in affected regions, caused by myofascial pain syndrome, lead to pain, triggering more muscle spasms. This creates a vicious cycle of discomfort and tightness that can be difficult to break without treatment; the pain perpetuates muscle spasms and vice versa.

Spasm Pain Cycle

Left untreated, myofascial pain is often experienced as a recurring cycle of spasm, pain, and spasm. (Kojidi M. M. et al., O2016) The exact cause of the spasm is not known. It may be related to excessive accumulation and release of acetylcholine, which causes sustained muscle contraction. (Nicol A, Crooks M, Hsu E, Ferrante M. 2018) Another theory is that repetitive small muscle trauma helps create a trigger point or knot in the muscle. (Thorne. 2021)

Active trigger points in muscles characterize myofascial pain syndrome. (Shah J. P. et al., 2015) These trigger points cause pain in the area where they are located and sometimes in other places, known as referred pain. Each muscle has a particular referral pattern of pain that goes from a trigger point in that muscle to another place in the body. (Shah J. P. et al., 2015) Medical providers and massage therapists trained in this area can identify trigger points by their pain patterns. With myofascial pain syndrome, muscles tense, and joint range of motion may decrease. (Jafri M. S. 2014)

Trigger Points

  • Myofascial pain syndrome is characterized by trigger points and sensitive knots within muscles that can cause referred pain when pressed, contributing to the spasm cycle.

Muscle Tension

  • A repeatedly tense or injured muscle can develop trigger points, which can lead tocle tightness and potential spasms.

Pain-Spasm-Pain Cycle

  • The pain from a trigger point can cause the muscle to further contract and spasm, leading to even more pain and perpetuating the cycle.

How Spasms and Pain Present

Myofascial pain is often caused by long periods of poor postural alignment, muscle injury, and repetitive motions. (Cleveland Clinic, 2023) For example, the upper body slumps forward when sitting at a desk workstation all day. The upper section of the trapezius muscle is located on the back of the neck and top of the shoulder. The upper trapezius muscle works to raise the head. (Yoo W. G. 2015) The trapezius muscle now has to work more than it is used to. This overuse may cause microscopic muscle injury, leading to muscle spasms and pain. (Bron C., & Dommerholt J. D. 2012) (Nicol A, Crooks M, Hsu E, Ferrante M. 2018) Without treatment, the muscle spasms, pain, and microscopic muscle injury may persist or worsen, leading to trigger points and chronic pain. (Jafri M. S. 2014)

Causes

Repetitive Motions

  • Repeating the same movement, like typing on a computer, can trigger muscle tension and points.

Poor Posture

  • Maintaining incorrect posture for extended periods can strain muscles and contribute to trigger point development.

Muscle Injury

  • Past injuries can leave muscles susceptible to developing trigger points and pain cycles.

Stress

  • Psychological stress can lead to muscle tension and exacerbate existing trigger points.

Break the Cycle

Physical Therapy

  • A physical therapist can use stretching, massage, and trigger point therapy to release muscle tension and address trigger points.

Exercise

  • Regular exercise, including gentle stretching, can help improve muscle flexibility and reduce tension.

Heat Therapy

  • Applying heat to affected areas can help relax muscles and alleviate pain.

Ergonomics

  • Modifying work habits and posture to reduce strain on muscles.

Stress Management

  • Techniques like deep breathing and meditation can help reduce stress-related muscle tension.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Personal Injury Rehabilitation


References

Jafri M. S. (2014). Mechanisms of Myofascial Pain. International scholarly research notices, 2014, 523924. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/523924

Kojidi, M. M., Okhovatian, F., Rahimi, A., Baghban, A. A., & Azimi, H. (2016). Comparison Between the Effects of Passive and Active Soft Tissue Therapies on Latent Trigger Points of Upper Trapezius Muscle in Women: Single-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(4), 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.08.010

Nicol A, C. M., Hsu E, Ferrante M. (2018). Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Science Direct, 207-212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-40196-8.00025-5

THORNE. (2021). Understanding Muscle Pain, Fascia, and Myofascial Release. https://www.thorne.com/take-5-daily/article/understand-muscle-pain-fascia-and-myofascial-release?srsltid=AfmBOop3Pp0wWEeiQEqpfPgAaTOpLvU7lOAGUv5VRYQdoH8OBcW4D_wk

Shah, J. P., Thaker, N., Heimur, J., Aredo, J. V., Sikdar, S., & Gerber, L. (2015). Myofascial Trigger Points Then and Now: A Historical and Scientific Perspective. PM & R: the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 7(7), 746–761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.01.024

Cleveland Clinic. (2023). Chronic myofascial pain (CMP). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12054-myofascial-pain-syndrome

Yoo W. G. (2015). Comparison of activation and change in the upper trapezius muscle during painful and non-painful computer work. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(10), 3283–3284. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.3283

Bron, C., & Dommerholt, J. D. (2012). Etiology of myofascial trigger points. Current pain and headache reports, 16(5), 439–444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-012-0289-4

Mustard: A Low-Calorie Alternative Packed with Health Benefits

Can mustard be a low-calorie alternative to higher-fat condiments for individuals trying to reduce calorie intake?

Mustard

Prepared mustard is a common condiment used around the country. It is a low-calorie, highly flavored condiment that can replace more calorie-dense options. The familiar condiment combines mustard seeds with vinegar, salt, lemon, and other ingredients. There are also different varieties made from brown or black mustard seeds.

Health Benefits

Mustard is considered healthy because it contains antioxidants that provide various health benefits, including anti-cancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. (Mazumder A., Dwivedi A., & du Plessis J. 2016) Although not associated with significant health benefits, mustard is a low-calorie alternative to many higher-fat condiments, like mayonnaise. Different types of mustard seeds are used for health purposes. For example, some herbalists use white mustard seeds to clear the throat when mixed with honey (Ewing, Sarah, 1999). Antioxidants include isothiocyanates and sinigrin.

  • Isothiocyanates, the oil that gives mustard its pungent taste, have anti-cancer properties for breast, lung, GI tract, and prostate cancers.
  • However, the mechanism remains unclear, and more research is needed to determine the efficacy of mustard’s health benefits for cancer.
  • Isothiocyanates may also help manage diabetes and reduce unhealthy cholesterol, providing cardiovascular protection and neurological benefits that may help autistic individuals. More research is needed. (Palliyaguru D. et al., 2018)
  • Sinigrin is another antioxidant. Research shows this antioxidant has anti-cancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. (Mazumder A., Dwivedi A., & du Plessis J. 2016)

Nutrition

A single serving is usually about a teaspoon. A serving of prepared yellow and spicy mustard provides only about three calories. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2019) Its nutritional profile includes a rich supply of essential minerals, including calcium, iron, manganese, phosphorus, and zinc. It is also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, tryptophan, phosphorus, iron, and protein. The seeds are also a very good source of selenium. Most calories come from carbohydrates, but because the calorie count is so low, these carbohydrates are not likely to significantly affect daily intake. Dijon mustard may provide more calories. A single serving of Dijon may contain up to 10 calories.

Preparation and Storage

Yellow mustard and Dijon are easy to find. Try course mustard varieties with distinct textures and seeds. Buy in small quantities, as mustard can lose flavor with time. Once opened, store in the refrigerator for up to one year. Mustard imparts a strong, spicy taste that pairs well with meat and seafood and can also be used to make salad dressings.

Side Effects

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recognizes mustard as safe (GRAS). Eating too much can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gut inflammation. However, mustard and mustard seed allergies are not uncommon. Symptoms may be mild or severe and generally appear shortly after consuming the product. Individuals may experience a rash or a tingly, itchy feeling in the mouth. Difficulty breathing is also possible. Other foods derived from the mustard plant, including leaves, seeds, and flowers, sprouted seeds, oil, and foods that contain these, are likely to cause reactions in those with mustard allergies.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic focuses on and treats injuries and chronic pain syndromes through personalized care plans that improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs to relieve pain. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and sports medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.


Enhancing Health Together


References

Mazumder, A., Dwivedi, A., & du Plessis, J. (2016). Sinigrin and Its Therapeutic Benefits. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 21(4), 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040416

Ewing, Sarah. (1999). Black Mustard (Brassica nigra). https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1421&context=ebl

Palliyaguru, D. L., Yuan, J. M., Kensler, T. W., & Fahey, J. W. (2018). Isothiocyanates: Translating the Power of Plants to People. Molecular nutrition & food research, 62(18), e1700965. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201700965

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2019). Mustard, prepared, yellow. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/326698/nutrients

Learn How to Perform Trapezius Self Massage for Pain Relief

Can individuals who sit for long hours daily prevent tight neck and shoulder muscles by improving their posture, regularly stretching, and massaging their trapezius muscles?

Trapezius Self Massage

The trapezius muscle is a triangle-shaped muscle in the upper back that starts at the base of the neck, spans the length of the upper shoulders, and extends into the middle back. This muscle’s main function is stabilizing and moving the scapula/shoulder blade. The trapezius also helps to move the head, neck, arms, shoulders, and torso, stabilizes the spine, and plays an important role in posture. Physical and mental stress can tighten the trapezius muscle, leading to neck and shoulder pain. Learning to perform a trapezius self-massage can ease tension and provide pain relief. (Domingo A. R. et al., 2017)

Anatomy

The trapezius consists of three parts in three different areas of the back. The bottom of the skull, across the shoulders, and down to the mid back. A trapezius self-massage focuses on the upper portion of the traps. This part is located at the top of the shoulders. To find the upper trapezius, cross one arm in front of your body so that you can place the palm on top of the other shoulder.

stock photo trapezius anatomy muscles isolated on white d illustration

For a trapezius self-massage, you need to know that there are two areas where your upper traps start and where the muscle connects to a bone. The first point is on the bottom of the skull, close to the center of the back of the skull. Start there with your fingers and trace the muscle down the back of the neck to where the shoulders widen. If you get lost, You can walk your fingers up or down the muscle on either side to relocate its origin at the base of the skull, the vertebra at the base of your neck that sticks out. This is C-7, another of the upper trapezius’s origin sites. (University of Washington Department of Radiology, 2025

Massage Technique

Massage oil is optional but can hydrate the skin during a massage. You can perform the trapezius self-massage using your hands.

Start at the Base of The Neck

Choose one shoulder to work at a time.

  • Raise the arm on the opposite side of your body.
  • Reach this arm across your body and fold it around your neck so that your fingers rest at the back base of your neck.
  • Apply a decent amount of pressure to the muscle while moving your fingers in a circular motion.
  • The action is similar to kneading dough.
  • Massage this area at the base of your neck for about 30 seconds to start.
  • If this part of your muscle is sore, you can massage it longer.

Slowly Work Out Towards The End of The Shoulder

Once you have spent about 30 seconds massaging the muscle at the base of the neck, work your way out toward the end of your shoulder.

  • In close increments, in your fingers across the trapezius muscle, spending at least 30 seconds at each point.
  • Follow the muscle until you reach the end of the shoulder.
  • Apply enough pressure, and use slow, rhythmic movements so that you feel relief.
  • If the pressure is not relieving or makes you wince, it’s too much.

Repeat as Needed

Repeat each side two to three times before switching to the other shoulder. After massaging, you may notice a certain trapezius area is particularly sore or tense. Zero in on those areas a little longer. Remember to relax throughout the trapezius self-massage. This is an opportunity to learn where tension is in your neck and shoulders and how to apply pressure to relieve it. This knowledge can also help you be mindful throughout your day, whether sitting, doing chores, or other physical activities. If you notice scrunching or slouching, massage the trapezius and remind yourself to keep your shoulders relaxed.

Benefits

Tension and tightness in the trapezius muscle are common, particularly among individuals who work in an office, do manual labor, or deal with a lot of stress. (Marker R. J. Campeau S., & Maluf K. S. 2017) Trapezius strains are a common overuse injury that is more likely to happen when the muscle is tight. (Salavati M. et al., 2017) The injury can cause unhealthy posture to avoid the pain. This poor posture will place more stress on the muscles, leading to a cycle of poor posture and chronic pain. A trapezius self-massage can benefit in many ways, including:

  • Improved blood circulation
  • Better quality of sleep
  • Improved posture
  • Improved range of motion
  • Decreased swelling
  • Faster recovery after workouts
  • Reduced risk of injury

Seeing a Healthcare Provider

Like any other muscle in the body, the trapezius can be injured and requires special treatment to recover. Sometimes, the neck or shoulder pain may not come from the trapezius muscle. Consider seeing a healthcare provider if you have pain in your neck or shoulder that doesn’t get better within a week or two, especially if it isn’t responding to at-home treatment. Regardless of how long you have been experiencing pain or stiffness, contact a healthcare provider if it prevents you from getting adequate sleep or interfering with daily activities. Reasons to see a healthcare provider immediately for neck or shoulder pain include: (Mount Sinai, 2025)

  • There is sudden pressure or pain in the left shoulder, which can sometimes signal a heart attack.
  • A fall or accident resulted in pain, swelling, or problems moving the neck or arm.
  • If there is shoulder pain, a fever, swelling, or redness.
  • The skin on the shoulder area appears discolored.

It’s important to take regular breaks to stretch and move your muscles. You can release tension in the trapezius by doing shoulder shrugs throughout the day and stretching regularly. When the trapezius feels tight or sore, give yourself a massage.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Whiplash Chiropractic Massage Therapy


References

Domingo, A. R., Diek, M., Goble, K. M., Maluf, K. S., Goble, D. J., & Baweja, H. S. (2017). Short-duration therapeutic massage reduces postural upper trapezius muscle activity. Neuroreport, 28(2), 108–110. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000718

University of Washington Department of Radiology. (2025). Trapezius. https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/trapezius/

Marker, R. J., Campeau, S., & Maluf, K. S. (2017). Psychosocial stress alters the strength of reticulospinal input to the human upper trapezius. Journal of Neurophysiology, 117(1), 457–466. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00448.2016

Salavati, M., Akhbari, B., Ebrahimi Takamjani, I., Ezzati, K., & Haghighatkhah, H. (2017). Reliability of the Upper Trapezius Muscle and Fascia Thickness and Strain Ratio Measures by Ultrasonography and Sonoelastography in Participants With Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 16(4), 316–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2017.06.003

Mount Sinai. (2025). Shoulder pain. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/shoulder-pain