Non-Pharmaceutical Strategies to Consider in Chronic Care

Implement non-pharmaceutical chronic care strategies to better manage chronic conditions and improve health.

Abstract: A New Paradigm in Patient Care

This educational post explores the critical role of an integrative, non-pharmaceutical approach in modern healthcare for managing both acute and chronic health conditions. We will begin by defining key strategies, such as lifestyle modifications, mind-body practices, and nutritional therapies, drawing upon insights from leading experts. I will then share insights from my clinical practice, showcasing how these evidence-based strategies can significantly improve patient outcomes by treating the whole person, not just their symptoms. We will delve into the physiological mechanisms behind these strategies, explain why they work, and explore the latest research in areas such as hormone therapy, functional foods, microbiome health, and technology-enabled supplementation. Furthermore, I will detail how our unique multidisciplinary clinic in El Paso, Texas—Injury Medical Clinic PA—integrates the expertise of chiropractic care, functional medicine, and internal medicine under the medical direction of Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, to provide a comprehensive, patient-centered path to wellness that goes beyond medication alone.

Our Collaborative Care Model: A Fusion of Medical and Chiropractic Expertise

Hello, I’m Dr. Alex Jimenez. My practice is built on a foundation of diverse and extensive training, holding credentials as a Doctor of Chiropractic (DC), Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN), a Board-Certified Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP-BC), and certifications in Functional Medicine (CFMP, IFMCP), Advanced Technology Neurology (ATN), and Cranial Cervical Spinal Techniques (CCST). This unique combination of expertise allows me to view health and wellness through multiple lenses, integrating the best of conventional and complementary medicine.
At our practice, Injury Medical Clinic PA (also known as Mission Plaza Injury Medical Clinic), we have pioneered a clinical model that brings together diverse specialties under one roof to provide comprehensive care. I serve as the clinical lead for integrative chiropractic and functional medicine services, focusing on the structural, biomechanical, and metabolic root causes of disease. My work is complemented and medically directed by Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, a highly respected internist with over 40 years of invaluable experience.
Dr. Cardenas is board-certified in Internal Medicine and holds Texas Medical License #J2933 (NPI #1164426749). As our Medical Director and Collaborative Physician, she provides essential medical oversight, ensuring our treatment plans are safe, effective, and grounded in the highest standards of evidence-based medicine. This multidisciplinary structure allows us to integrate seamlessly:

• Medical Oversight (Dr. Cardenas): Diagnosis, management of complex medical conditions, prescription medication management, and ensuring all therapies are appropriate for the patient’s overall health profile.
• Chiropractic and Functional Medicine (Dr. Jimenez): Spinal adjustments, soft tissue therapies, and rehabilitation to address musculoskeletal pain, alongside functional medicine protocols to investigate and treat the root causes of systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.
• Integrative Services: Together, our team offers personal injury care, rehabilitation, nutritional counseling, and lifestyle education, creating a truly holistic patient journey from diagnosis to recovery and long-term wellness.

This collaborative environment is particularly beneficial for patients with complex conditions where musculoskeletal pain and chronic disease intersect, allowing us to address the whole person, not just a set of isolated symptoms.

The Rise of Integrative and Functional Medicine

To fully appreciate the power of non-pharmaceutical strategies, it’s essential to understand the philosophical frameworks that guide their application: integrative medicine and functional medicine. While related, they offer distinct perspectives on health and healing.

• Integrative Medicine: This approach blends the best of conventional medicine with evidence-based complementary therapies. The core focus is on treating the whole person—mind, body, and spirit—rather than just the disease. It champions patient-centered care and highlights the profound impact of lifestyle factors such as stress management, nutrition, and physical activity. The goal is to use all appropriate therapeutic approaches to achieve optimal health and healing.
• Functional Medicine: This model takes a systems-biology approach, seeking to identify and address the root causes of disease. Instead of merely managing symptoms, functional medicine asks why a person is ill. It is highly personalized, often utilizing advanced diagnostic testing, genetic insights, and comprehensive health histories to understand the intricate web of interactions within the body’s physiological systems. Nutrition and lifestyle interventions are the cornerstones of functional medicine treatment plans.

Together, these frameworks remind us that health is a multidimensional state. Effective, sustainable healing often requires a broader strategy than a prescription pad can offer, one that empowers patients and promotes long-term wellness.

A Journey Toward Mainstream Acceptance

The shift toward embracing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been decades in the making. Patient demand has been a powerful catalyst, compelling the medical establishment to take notice.

• 1993: The National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Office of Alternative Medicine, which later became the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). This was the government’s first formal acknowledgment that these therapies warranted serious scientific research and oversight.
• 1997: A landmark study published in JAMA revealed a startling trend: visits to CAM providers had surpassed the total number of visits to all primary care physicians in the United States (Eisenberg et al., 1998). This highlighted the immense public interest in holistic, non-drug therapies.
• 2004: The Institute of Medicine (now the National Academy of Medicine) formally addressed the role of integrative medicine, marking a significant shift toward viewing these therapies as part of a comprehensive healthcare model rather than “fringe” practices.
• 2020: Fast forward to recent years, and Americans were spending approximately $30 billion out-of-pocket annually on CAM services and products. This staggering figure underscores both the persistent demand and the ongoing challenges with insurance coverage.

The “when” and “why” are clear: patients are actively seeking holistic, non-pharmaceutical therapies not just for symptom management, but for prevention, wellness, and a greater sense of control over their health journey.

Categorizing Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions

When we talk about non-pharmaceutical strategies, we are referring to a wide spectrum of practices that fall outside traditional drug-based treatments. As a practitioner, I find it helpful to group these into several key categories to better understand their application and guide my patients.

• Mind-Body Practices: These interventions focus on the powerful connection between our mental and emotional state and our physical health. Examples include meditation, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and stress-reduction techniques.
• Physical and Manual Therapies: This category involves hands-on approaches to improve structure and function. It includes chiropractic care, physiotherapy, massage therapy, and structured rehabilitation programs.
• Lifestyle Interventions: These are the foundational changes we can make in our daily lives. This encompasses exercise, sleep hygiene, and environmental modifications.
• Nutritional Therapies: This is a cornerstone of functional medicine, involving dietary modifications, structured meal planning, elimination diets, and targeted supplementation to influence health outcomes.
• Herbal and Botanical Medicine: This involves using plants and plant-derived substances for therapeutic purposes.

Our role as clinicians is to understand these categories, evaluate their safety and effectiveness, and thoughtfully consider when they can complement evidence-based medical care.

The “Why”: The Clinical Impact of Non-Drug Strategies

Incorporating these approaches is not just a philosophical preference; it delivers tangible, evidence-based benefits that can transform patient outcomes.

• Improved Patient Outcomes: Lifestyle modifications can have a profound impact. For instance, meditation has been shown to reduce anxiety levels by as much as 25% (Goyal et al., 2014). In my practice, I frequently observe how targeted dietary changes dramatically improve symptoms in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions.
• Reduced Medication Burden and Side Effects: This is especially critical for older adults or those with multiple chronic conditions. By integrating non-drug pain management strategies, such as chiropractic adjustments and targeted exercises, we can help reduce reliance on medications like opioids. Research has shown such integrative approaches can reduce opioid use by up to 60%.
• Addressing Root Causes: Unlike medications that often provide only symptomatic relief, these strategies target the underlying drivers of disease—inflammation, nutritional deficiencies, gut dysbiosis, stress, and environmental exposures.
• Patient Empowerment: When patients are actively involved in their care through diet, exercise, and mindfulness, they feel a greater sense of agency. This improves adherence, reduces hospital readmissions, and fosters a collaborative partnership between patient and provider.
• Cost-Effectiveness and Prevention: Exercise, mindfulness, and dietary interventions not only slow disease progression but also lower long-term healthcare costs. An investment in lifestyle change today can prevent costly medical interventions tomorrow.

These strategies are not mere “add-ons”; they are essential tools for modern, patient-centered care. Today, over 60 academic medical centers, including renowned institutions like the Cleveland Clinic and Mayo Clinic, have established integrative medicine programs, signaling a clear shift toward the mainstream.

Applying Integrative Strategies for Acute Conditions

While often associated with chronic disease, these interventions are also incredibly valuable for managing acute illnesses. Let’s begin by examining a common scenario we often see in primary care.
A 29-year-old female patient presented to our clinic with a three-day history of sore throat, nasal congestion, dry cough, mild headache, and low-grade fever. She reported no shortness of breath, ear pain, or rash. Her medical history was unremarkable. Upon examination, her throat showed mild redness (erythema), but no pus-like discharge (exudate), and her lungs were clear. A rapid strep test came back negative.
This clinical picture is a classic presentation of an acute viral upper respiratory infection (URI), commonly known as the cold. This is a critical diagnostic moment. Recognizing this as a viral, not bacterial, infection immediately guides our treatment strategy away from unnecessary antibiotics and toward supportive, non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Based on this case, we can distinguish it from other possibilities:

• Acute Bacterial Sinusitis: This diagnosis is less likely, as it typically involves symptoms lasting more than ten days or a “double-worsening” course (getting better, then worse again).
• Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep Throat): This usually presents with more severe symptoms, such as tonsillar exudates, tender neck lymph nodes, higher fever, and the absence of a cough. Her negative strep test further rules this out.
• Influenza (The Flu): While it shares some symptoms, influenza typically has an abrupt onset with a high fever and prominent systemic symptoms, such as severe body aches (myalgias) and fatigue.

This correct diagnosis allows us to have a crucial conversation with the patient about effective, evidence-based supportive care. It’s equally important to educate patients on what is not indicated. In this case, an antibiotic like azithromycin would be ineffective against a virus and could contribute to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. This moment of patient education is a cornerstone of responsible integrative care.

Evidence-Based Non-Pharmaceutical Strategies for Acute URIs

When a patient has a viral infection, our goal is to support their body’s natural immune response and alleviate symptoms to improve comfort and speed up recovery. Instead of reaching for a prescription pad, we can recommend several strategies backed by solid research.

Acute Respiratory Infections (The Common Cold)

• Evidence-Based Options: Zinc lozenges, elderberry, vitamin C, echinacea.
• Evidence:
  • Zinc: If started within 24 hours of symptom onset, zinc lozenges may reduce the duration of a cold by about one day (Science et al., 2012). Zinc is believed to interfere with viral replication in the nasopharynx.
  • Elderberry Syrup (Sambucus nigra): Some clinical trials suggest that elderberry may shorten the duration of flu and cold symptoms. It is thought to work by inhibiting viral replication and stimulating the immune response through its rich concentration of flavonoids and anthocyanins (Hawkins et al., 2019).
  • Vitamin C: While regular use may have a mild preventative effect, there is little evidence that it is effective once an illness has begun.
  • Echinacea: Study results are inconsistent, with some showing a small benefit and others showing none.

Sore Throat (Pharyngitis)

• Evidence-Based Options: Honey, marshmallow root, slippery elm, and licorice root tea.
• Evidence:
  • Honey: There is strong evidence, particularly for children over one year of age, that honey can soothe the throat and reduce cough frequency (Oduwole et al., 2018; Ashkin & Mounsey, 2013). It acts as a demulcent, coating the irritated tissues, while its natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory components may offer additional benefits.
  • Herbal Teas: Teas like marshmallow root and slippery elm can provide temporary symptomatic relief by coating the throat, but they do not shorten the illness.

Acute Sinusitis

• Evidence-Based Options: Saline irrigation, bromelain, and eucalyptus oil steam inhalation.
• Evidence:
  • Saline Irrigation: There is robust evidence that nasal saline rinses improve mucus drainage, reduce congestion, and can shorten recovery time (Rabago & Zgierska, 2009). Using a neti pot or saline spray helps to flush out mucus, allergens, and viral particles from the nasal passages.
  • Bromelain: This enzyme, derived from pineapple, has anti-inflammatory properties. While some smaller studies show promise, the evidence is still emerging.
  • Eucalyptus Oil: Inhalation can provide temporary relief from congestion, but its effect on the overall course of the illness is modest.

Gastroenteritis (“Stomach Flu”)

• Evidence-Based Options: Probiotics, ginger, and peppermint oil.
• Evidence:
  • Probiotics: Specific strains, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, have strong evidence supporting reductions in the duration and severity of diarrhea, especially in children (Guarino et al., 2014).
  • Ginger: It is well-supported by research for reducing nausea and vomiting. It can be taken as a capsule, tea, or even chewed raw.
  • Peppermint Oil: May help with abdominal cramping and nausea, though the evidence is not as strong as it is for ginger.

The Role of Integrative Chiropractic and Physical Medicine in Acute Illness

Beyond herbal and supplement therapies, physical medicine plays a crucial role. This is where our integrative model at Injury Medical Clinic PA truly shines.

• Chiropractic Care: For musculoskeletal issues that can accompany acute illnesses, such as the body aches from influenza or the neck stiffness from coughing, gentle chiropractic adjustments can be very beneficial. By restoring proper joint motion and reducing nerve irritation, we can alleviate pain and improve overall comfort. While chiropractic care does not treat the infection itself, it effectively manages the associated neuromusculoskeletal symptoms. For adults, it is a safe and effective adjunctive therapy.
• Acupuncture: This ancient practice can be surprisingly effective for acute symptoms. Research has demonstrated its utility in relieving the pain associated with respiratory illnesses and sinusitis. For gastroenteritis, stimulation of the P6 (Neiguan) acupressure point on the inner forearm is a well-documented method for relieving nausea and vomiting. This point is so effective that it is also used to manage motion sickness, pregnancy-related, postoperative, and chemotherapy-induced nausea (Lee & Done, 2015). Learning to apply pressure to this point can be an empowering self-care tool for patients.
• Lifestyle Support: We also emphasize foundational support, which is often overlooked during an acute illness: Hydration and Rest, Good Handwashing, Humidified Air, Avoiding Smoke Exposure, and Balanced Nutrition. These provide the body with the resources it needs to fight infection.

By integrating these strategies through the collaborative care of Dr. Cardenas and me, we provide a holistic treatment plan. A patient might receive medical advice from Dr. Cardenas, a chiropractic adjustment from me to relieve associated body aches, nutritional guidance to support their immune system, and instruction on using the P6 point for nausea. This is the essence of true integrative care.

Shifting Focus to Chronic Disease Management

While acute illnesses are common, the bulk of our work involves managing chronic diseases. These conditions—like hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol—are the leading drivers of healthcare costs. This is where non-pharmaceutical interventions truly shine, not as replacements for necessary medication, but as powerful adjuncts that can reduce medication dependency, improve quality of life, and address the root causes of the disease.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Hypertension is often called the “silent killer” because it has no symptoms but significantly increases the risk of heart attack and stroke. Lifestyle is the cornerstone of management.

• Nutritional Strategies:
  • The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) and Mediterranean Diets are among the most powerful dietary interventions.
  • Garlic: Contains allicin, a compound that may promote vasodilation (widening of blood vessels).
  • Hibiscus Tea: Studies have shown it can lower blood pressure, possibly due to diuretic effects and inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (McKay et al., 2010).
  • Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10): Functions as an antioxidant and improves endothelial function, helping blood vessels relax.
  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Help reduce inflammation and improve vessel elasticity.
• Mind-Body Practices: Practices like deep breathing, meditation, and yoga activate the parasympathetic nervous system (“rest and digest”), which counteracts the “fight or flight” stress response that drives up blood pressure.

Type 2 Diabetes

This metabolic disorder is characterized by insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar levels.

• Herbal and Nutritional Support:
  • Berberine: This plant alkaloid has shown remarkable effects, in some studies rivaling the efficacy of metformin in lowering hemoglobin A1c and fasting glucose. It works by activating an enzyme called AMPK, a master regulator of metabolism (Lan et al., 2015).
  • Cinnamon: May improve insulin sensitivity and has been shown to reduce fasting glucose levels modestly.
• Lifestyle: Regular physical activity is crucial for improving insulin sensitivity, as it helps muscle cells take up glucose from the blood. A low-glycemic diet rich in fiber is also essential.

Hyperlipidemia (High Cholesterol)

Elevated LDL (“bad”) cholesterol is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.

• Nutritional Strategies:
  • Red Yeast Rice: Contains monacolin K, a compound chemically identical to the active ingredient in the statin drug lovastatin. It requires the same liver function monitoring as prescription statins.
  • Plant Sterols and Stanols: Found in nuts and seeds, these compounds block cholesterol absorption in the gut.

Depression

Lifestyle and nutrition can play a significant supportive role.

• Herbal and Nutritional Support:
  • St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum): Effective for mild to moderate depression but has significant drug interactions and must be used with extreme caution under professional guidance.
  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA/DHA): Critical components of brain cell membranes with anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Saffron: Emerging research shows promise in improving mood, with effects comparable to some antidepressants in certain studies (Lopresti & Drummond, 2014).

Osteoarthritis and Chronic Pain

Inflammation is a key driver of pain in conditions like osteoarthritis.

• Anti-Inflammatory Botanicals:
  • Turmeric (Curcumin): A potent anti-inflammatory agent that works by inhibiting multiple inflammatory pathways, including NF-kB and COX-2.
  • Ginger: Contains gingerols, which also have powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
• Structural Support:
  • Glucosamine and Chondroitin: These are building blocks of cartilage. While evidence is mixed, some patients report long-term benefits in pain reduction.

Advanced Integrative Strategies: Hormones, Microbiome, and Functional Foods

This section spotlights leading research trends you may encounter. The key is understanding what is supported by evidence, what is emerging, and where caution is warranted.

Hormone Therapy in Integrative Medicine: Menopause and Testosterone

Menopause Hormone Therapy (MHT): Timing is Crucial

MHT remains the most effective therapy for vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats) and genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) (vaginal dryness, recurrent UTIs). Evidence consistently supports initiating MHT before age 60 or within 10 years of menopause to improve the risk-benefit profile, including lower all-cause mortality (Ravn-Haren & colleagues, 2022).

• Physiological Rationale: Early MHT supports vascular health when atherosclerosis is low, maintains bone mineral density (BMD) by regulating osteoclast activity, and stabilizes neuroendocrine pathways.
• Safety: For GSM symptoms, local, low-dose vaginal estrogen offers high efficacy with minimal systemic absorption, providing a favorable safety profile (NAMS, 2023). MHT is not an anti-aging therapy; it is for symptom relief and risk modulation when clinically appropriate.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) in Men

TRT is considered for symptomatic men with biochemically confirmed hypogonadism.

• Benefits: Restores sexual function, improves body composition by supporting myogenesis (muscle growth), enhances BMD, and can improve depressive symptoms in truly deficient individuals (Corona et al., 2014).
• Cautions: It is crucial to distinguish persistent hypogonadism from reversible factors like obesity, stress, or sleep apnea. Monitoring of prostate health, hematocrit (polycythemia risk), and cardiometabolic status is essential.

Functional Foods: Evidence-Based Nutrition That Acts Like Medicine

Functional foods deliver bioactive compounds with health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

• Key Examples:
• Fortified foods: Calcium and vitamin D-enriched milks for bone health; plant sterols in spreads lower LDL by inhibiting cholesterol absorption (Gylling & Miettinen, 1999).
• Probiotics and prebiotics: Yogurt and kefir improve gut composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production.
• Polyphenol-rich foods: Berries and green tea possess antioxidant properties that support vascular function.
• Advanced delivery systems: Liposomal curcumin and nano-curcumin increase bioavailability, enhancing anti-inflammatory effects for arthritis (Hewlings & Kalman, 2017).

Beyond Adjustments: Chiropractic and Integrative Healthcare- Video

The Gut Microbiome: Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Precision Nutrition

The microbiome influences systemic health through immune regulation and gut-brain communication.

• Probiotics: Live microorganisms that confer health benefits. Specific strains have shown benefit for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Ford et al., 2014), antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Saccharomyces boulardii) (McFarland, 2010), and even anxiety (Lactobacillus rhamnosus JB-1) (Bravo et al., 2011).
• Prebiotics: Non-digestible fibers (inulin, FOS) that selectively feed beneficial bacteria.
• Physiological Mechanisms: Probiotics can improve gut barrier function, reduce endotoxemia (leaky gut), and modulate immune responses and neurovisceral pathways affecting mood.

Technology-Enabled Supplementation and Precision Care

We leverage wearables, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and digital health apps to individualize supplementation.

• Metabolic Syndrome: CGM helps identify glycemic excursions. Targeted supplements like berberine (for AMPK activation) and magnesium are aligned with real-time data.
• Autoimmune Conditions: Symptom trackers guide adjustments to curcumin and vitamin D to modulate inflammatory markers such as CRP.
• Regulatory Oversight: Supplements lack pharmaceutical-level rigor. We rely on reputable resources like the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements and the Natural Medicines Database for safety and efficacy data. Large trials such as AREDS2 for macular degeneration show that supplements can be effective but require well-defined formulations and dosing (NEI, 2013).

The Role of Integrative Chiropractic Care in Chronic Disease

At first glance, chiropractic care might seem limited to back pain. However, in our integrative model, its role is far more expansive. Pain is a profound physiological stressor, keeping the body in a constant state of “fight or flight” driven by the sympathetic nervous system. This chronic stress response:

• Elevates stress hormones like cortisol, which can worsen insulin resistance and make blood sugar control more difficult.
• Contributes to hypertension by constricting blood vessels.
• Can lead to or worsen depression and anxiety.
• Causes systemic inflammation, a root cause of nearly every chronic disease.

By using chiropractic adjustments, soft tissue mobilization, and rehabilitative exercises, we address musculoskeletal pain. Alleviating this pain helps to down-regulate the sympathetic stress response. The result is a cascade of positive physiological changes:

• Spinal and Extremity Adjustments: Optimize joint kinematics and neuromuscular firing, decreasing pain signals and improving functional capacity.
• Breathing and Postural Mechanics: Thoracic mobility work improves oxygenation and autonomic balance, supporting vasomotor stability.
• Neurofunctional Rehabilitation: Sensorimotor exercises recalibrate balance and coordination, lowering fall risk—critical for individuals with changing bone density.

Reduced pain improves sleep, mood, and exercise adherence—which magnify the benefits of MHT, TRT, functional foods, and microbiome-targeted nutrition. This is the essence of our integrative approach: using chiropractic care to break the pain-stress-inflammation cycle, thereby supporting the entire body’s return to balance.

Applying Knowledge: A Case Study in Chronic Care

Let’s consider a 61-year-old male with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. His blood pressure is 146/92 mmHg, and his hemoglobin A1c is 7.4%. He is motivated to explore natural strategies.

• Integrative Plan:
  • Diet: We would counsel him on a Mediterranean-style or DASH diet, which has been shown to lower blood pressure and improve A1c.
  • Supplements: For his diabetes, we could discuss adding cinnamon or berberine as an adjunct to his medication (Lan et al., 2015). For hypertension, garlic could be added for its modest benefit.
  • Mind-Body: Daily deep breathing or meditation can reduce chronic stress, which contributes to both conditions.
  • Chiropractic Care: If musculoskeletal pain limits his ability to exercise, chiropractic care would be crucial to get him moving again, which is vital for managing both conditions.

By layering these strategies, we empower the patient, address root causes, and work toward his health goals in a holistic, sustainable way.

Closing Reflections

The most powerful outcomes arise from combining conventional medicine, lifestyle strategies, evidence-based supplements, mind-body tools, and integrative chiropractic care. This model does not replace modern medicine; it expands and refines it for safer, smarter, more compassionate care.
My clinical observations, case insights, and ongoing commentary on integrative musculoskeletal and functional care are available at:

• ChiroMED: https://chiromed.com/
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dralexjimenez/

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