Exploring the Different Types of Knee Braces and Their Uses
Can a knee brace relieve discomfort, provide support, and expedite recovery for individuals recovering from an injury or surgery?
Knee Brace
A knee brace is a medical device that supports and stabilizes the knee joint to help with pain and recovery after an injury or surgery. Many knee braces are made of various materials and offer a range of support levels. A healthcare provider or physical therapist can recommend the appropriate one for your condition and suggest the best one. Ask a healthcare provider if you’re unsure, as wearing a knee brace correctly and for the recommended time is important for healing. They are generally safe. However, individuals with health conditions such as poor circulation should be cautious when using them and consult their healthcare provider.
What They Do
The knee joint comprises bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. A knee brace stabilizes these structures, preventing them from moving too much or too fast. Some braces redistribute the knee joint’s weight, decreasing the force the knee absorbs. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020)
Conditions
A knee brace is used after surgery to aid in healing and following an injury. This can be:
- Sprain
- Ligament injury
- Patellar/kneecap dislocation
They are also used to support the knee and relieve pain from some chronic conditions including: (Sprouse R. A., McLaughlin A. M., & Harris G. D. 2018)
- Tendonitis
- Patellar tendinopathy
- Chondromalacia patellae
- Patellofemoral stress syndrome
- Medial knee osteoarthritis
Types
Knee braces differ in function and support level. Some stabilize the knee, while others completely immobilize the joint. A healthcare provider and/or physical therapist will explain what support is needed and how to use it. They can also check the brace’s fit and determine if adjustments or a different size are required.
Most Commonly Used
Prophylactic Brace
- This is a protective knee pad that shields the kneecap from direct impact.
- It’s used by athletes who play contact sports, like football. (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2019)
Unloader
- This brace helps rebalance the weight and shift the pressure on the knee joint to other parts of the leg, reducing pain. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020)
- A knee unloader is typically used to control discomfort due to inflammatory conditions like tendonitis and osteoarthritis.
Functional
- This brace limits motion in the joint after an injury or prevents dislocation.
Bledsoe Brace
- This brace has straps to wrap around the thigh and shin and support brackets on the inside and outside of the knee joint.
- A small mechanism locks the knee into full extension or allows the knee to bend a specific amount.
Knee Immobilizer
- A knee immobilizer keeps the knee in one position.
- It is a long cloth brace that runs the length of the shin and thigh.
Knee Brace vs Knee Support
A knee support or sleeve is usually a tight-fitting fabric garment. It provides compression to help reduce swelling and discomfort. A knee brace offers more support and can also be set to limit mobility.
Wearing The Brace
Individuals may need to wear a knee brace all day or only when performing specific tasks and operations. It depends on the individual and the condition the brace is being used for. Some may only need to wear a knee brace during certain activities or a flare-up of pain. (Mayo Clinic, 2022) Wearing a brace for unnecessarily long periods can cause skin abrasion, joint stiffness, and muscle atrophy. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020) Conversely, neglecting to wear it can cause more susceptibility to injury or extend and or impair healing time. Ask a healthcare provider when you should and should not wear the brace. This could be when:
- Sitting
- Walking
- Driving
- Sleeping
- Stretching
Contraindications
Some medical conditions can make an individual susceptible to injury and adverse effects from wearing a knee brace. These include: (Holden, M. A. et al., 2021)
- Poor circulation
- Superficial wounds on the knee
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Arterial insufficiency
- Severe varicose veins
- A history of thrombophlebitis
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
If you have one of these conditions, a healthcare provider will decide if a knee brace is safe. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Best Knee Injury Chiropractor
References
American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Knee Bracing: What Works? https://familydoctor.org/knee-bracing-what-works/
Sprouse, R. A., McLaughlin, A. M., & Harris, G. D. (2018). Braces and Splints for Common Musculoskeletal Conditions. American family physician, 98(10), 570–576.
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Knee pain: how to choose the right knee brace for your child. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/sports-injuries/Pages/Knee-Pain-and-braces.aspx
Mayo Clinic. (2022). To brace or not to brace: What’s the best answer? https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/to-brace-or-not-to-brace#:~:text=If%20you%20have%20early%20onset%2C%20mild%20arthritis,below%20the%20knee%20for%20compression%20and%20comfort.
Holden, M. A., Callaghan, M., Felson, D., Birrell, F., Nicholls, E., Jowett, S., Kigozi, J., McBeth, J., Borrelli, B., Jinks, C., Foster, N. E., Dziedzic, K., Mallen, C., Ingram, C., Sutton, A., Lawton, S., Halliday, N., Hartshorne, L., Williams, H., Browell, R., … Peat, G. (2021). Clinical and cost-effectiveness of bracing in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis management: protocol for a multicentre, primary care, randomised, parallel-group, superiority trial. BMJ open, 11(3), e048196. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048196