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Understanding the Relationship Between Eating Habits and Insomnia

Insomnia is a condition with causes that vary from person to person and can be a result of stress, caffeine, and excessive screen time. Can modifying eating habits help reduce episodes and improve sleep patterns?

Eating Habits and Insomnia

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, and/or both. Individuals often experience daytime sleepiness, mood disturbances, or cognitive impairments. There are two types:

  • Primary insomnia, which is not linked to other health conditions.
  • Secondary insomnia is associated with other health issues like asthma, depression, or heartburn. (National Library of Medicine, 2024)

While there are various causes of insomnia, researchers have recently learned more about its impact on eating habits. New data has found that an individual’s dietary pattern may impact sleep habits. (Gan Z. H. et al., 2024)

Risk Factors

Chronic insomnia is linked to negative health outcomes, including an increased risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, depression, heart attack, and stroke. (Chalet F. X. et al., 2023) (Marie-Pierre St-Onge et al., 2016) Researchers recruited over five thousand participants who did not have insomnia and evaluated their eating habits and insomnia incidence. (Gan Z. H. et al., 2024) Results showed that 464 of the participants developed insomnia, and of those, the risk was lower in vegetarians than those who ate more meat. Males who followed a more plant-based diet had a reduced incidence of insomnia; however, this relationship was not seen among females. The research suggests that a diet with more vegetables may positively affect sleep. Many plant-based foods are rich sources of sleep-supporting compounds, such as melatonin. Treating and preventing insomnia is important for restoring health and daily functioning.

Past nutritional data highlights the relationship between healthy sleep and a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and other sources of tryptophan and melatonin. (Zuraikat F. M. et al., 2021) Prior research also shows how vegetarian diets can help reduce chronic inflammation, positively impacting sleep. (Dzierzewski J. M. et al., 2020) Specifically, the Mediterranean diet, known for its anti-inflammatory effects, is linked to improved sleep and reduced insomnia. (Zaidalkilani A. T. et al., 2021) Also, data links a vegetarian diet to improved mood, which might enhance the quality of sleep by moderating mental health, including depression condition. (Wang X. et al., 2023)

Support Quality Sleep

According to dieticians, looking at an individual’s eating habits during the day is crucial in determining why they can’t sleep at night. Often, making a few small dietary adjustments is enough to help with better sleep. Some steps to try include:

  • Increase magnesium by adding more leafy greens, nuts, and seeds.
  • Incorporating melatonin-rich foods like walnuts rather than relying on melatonin supplements.
  • Easing off caffeine, alcohol, and refined carbohydrates can help improve sleep quality.

Dietary changes should not be the only way to combat insomnia. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-I) is a recommended first-line treatment rather than sleeping medications, along with learning healthy sleep habits and using the right mattress. This therapy can help improve sleep habits and behaviors by rethinking sleep and current practices that could affect an individual’s ability to sleep well. Combining CBT-I with a healthy diet and regular physical activity can significantly impact overall health and sleep patterns.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Individuals who struggle with insomnia or other sleep disorders that impact their ability to get restful sleep should consult with their healthcare provider about getting an assessment and treatment to avoid deprivation side effects and restore health. A chiropractic therapy team can assess your condition and develop a customized treatment plan. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body heal.


Revolutionizing Healthcare


References

National Library of Medicine: MedlinePlus. (2024). Insomnia. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/insomnia.html

Gan, Z. H., Chiu, T. H. T., Lin, C. L., Lin, M. N., & Kuo, P. H. (2024). Plant-based dietary patterns and risk of insomnia: a prospective study. European journal of clinical nutrition, 78(3), 228–235. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-023-01380-x

Chalet, F. X., Saskin, P., Ahuja, A., Thompson, J., Olopoenia, A., Modi, K., Morin, C. M., & Wickwire, E. M. (2023). The Associations between Insomnia Severity and Health Outcomes in the United States. Journal of clinical medicine, 12(6), 2438. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062438

St-Onge, M. P., Grandner, M. A., Brown, D., Conroy, M. B., Jean-Louis, G., Coons, M., Bhatt, D. L., & American Heart Association Obesity, Behavior Change, Diabetes, and Nutrition Committees of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council (2016). Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 134(18), e367–e386. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000444

Zuraikat, F. M., Wood, R. A., Barragán, R., & St-Onge, M. P. (2021). Sleep and Diet: Mounting Evidence of a Cyclical Relationship. Annual review of nutrition, 41, 309–332. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-021719

Dzierzewski, J. M., Donovan, E. K., Kay, D. B., Sannes, T. S., & Bradbrook, K. E. (2020). Sleep Inconsistency and Markers of Inflammation. Frontiers in neurology, 11, 1042. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.01042

Zaidalkilani, A. T., Alhaj, O. A., Serag El-Dine, M. F., Fekih-Romdhane, F., AlRasheed, M. M., Jahrami, H. A., & Bragazzi, N. L. (2021). Arab Women Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Insomnia. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 58(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58010017

Wang, X., Song, F., Wang, B., Qu, L., Yu, Z., & Shen, X. (2023). Vegetarians have an indirect positive effect on sleep quality through depression condition. Scientific reports, 13(1), 7210. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33912-7

Beyond Shakes: Innovative Ways to Enjoy Protein Powder

Can protein powder be used in different ways to effectively support nutrition goals for individuals who aim to build muscle, maintain weight, or acquire more protein in their diet?

Different Ways To Use Protein Powder

Protein powder is a quick and easy way to get protein before or after a workout. Add a scoop to a shaker bottle, mix with water, and you’re ready. However, having the same shake daily can become boring. Finding different ways to use protein powder can be a welcome change in workout nutrition habits. It is versatile, making it a great addition to smoothies, baked goods, oatmeal, yogurt, and more.

Health Benefits

How to Use

Learning different ways to use protein powder can help create an exciting and diversified menu, from meals to snacks. Individuals can use conventional or organic powder. Here are a few ideas:

Oatmeal

  • Adding protein powder to overnight oats or stovetop oatmeal is a great way to increase protein content.
  • Protein powder mixes well with oats and milk.

Baked Goods

  • Protein powder goes well with many baked goods.
  • Another way to use protein powder is to add it to brownie, muffin, cupcake, or cookie recipes.

Yogurt

  • Combine with yogurt and fruit for a nutrient and calorie-dense breakfast or snack to fuel the body.
  • It’s also a great post-workout snack.

Coffee

  • Adding protein powder to coffee makes it easy to increase daily protein intake.
  • Stir with a spoon, like adding powdered cream, or blend or froth hot coffee with protein powder to make it like a cappuccino.

Pancakes

  • Adding to a batch of pancakes is a great way to use protein powder.

How much protein powder per day?

Consuming one to two scoops (between 25 to 50 grams) daily is generally safe, which is what most recipes call for. Following the recommended dosage on the product label is highly recommended. The Recommended Dietary Allowance of protein for a healthy adult, regardless of age, is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. (Wu G. 2016)

How long after a workout should protein powder be taken?

Whether running or lifting weights, consuming protein within the anabolic window approximately 30 minutes to two hours after a workout enhances muscle recovery, repair, and growth. (Aragon A. A., & Schoenfeld, B. J. 2013) Daily protein intake is recommended for improved performance, muscle growth, and optimal recovery. (Cintineo H. P. et al., 2018) Muscle building is 25 percent higher when protein intake is evenly spaced throughout the day. (Mamerow M. M. et al., 2014

Protein Shake Side Effects

Consuming the recommended amount of one to two scoops daily is generally safe and doesn’t have side effects. However, exceeding recommended daily intake can cause unwanted side effects that include:

  • Bloating
  • Flatulence
  • Increased bowel movements
  • Acne
  • Nausea
  • Thirst
  • Fatigue
  • Headache
  • Lack or loss of appetite

Studies have found that excess whey protein supplementation is associated with increased aggression, acne, and disturbance of the gut microbiota. (Vasconcelos Q. D. J. S. et al., 2021)

For individuals who want to get more out of their pre- or post-workout supplements, choose high-quality organic protein powders that contain all essential amino acids and wholesome ingredients with no fillers or additives. Consult a healthcare provider if considering supplementing with protein powder or looking to increase protein intake along with a registered dietitian to help determine how much protein is needed based on personal needs, activity, and fitness levels and goals.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Chiropractic care aims to help individuals improve movement with less pain due to condition, after injury, or surgery. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Benefits of a Healthy Diet and Chiropractic Care


References

Cintineo, H. P., Arent, M. A., Antonio, J., & Arent, S. M. (2018). Effects of Protein Supplementation on Performance and Recovery in Resistance and Endurance Training. Frontiers in nutrition, 5, 83. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2018.00083

Gorissen, S. H. M., Crombag, J. J. R., Senden, J. M. G., Waterval, W. A. H., Bierau, J., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2018). Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino acids, 50(12), 1685–1695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5

Batsis, J. A., Petersen, C. L., Cook, S. B., Al-Nimr, R. I., Driesse, T., Pidgeon, D., & Fielding, R. (2021). Impact of whey protein supplementation in a weight-loss intervention in rural dwelling adults: A feasibility study. Clinical nutrition ESPEN, 45, 426–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.07.006

West, D. W. D., Abou Sawan, S., Mazzulla, M., Williamson, E., & Moore, D. R. (2017). Whey Protein Supplementation Enhances Whole Body Protein Metabolism and Performance Recovery after Resistance Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Study. Nutrients, 9(7), 735. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9070735

Fekete, Á. A., Giromini, C., Chatzidiakou, Y., Givens, D. I., & Lovegrove, J. A. (2018). Whey protein lowers systolic blood pressure and Ca-caseinate reduces serum TAG after a high-fat meal in mildly hypertensive adults. Scientific reports, 8(1), 5026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23333-2

Ha, D. J., Kim, J., Kim, S., Go, G. W., & Whang, K. Y. (2021). Dietary Whey Protein Supplementation Increases Immunoglobulin G Production by Affecting Helper T Cell Populations after Antigen Exposure. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 10(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010194

Wu G. (2016). Dietary protein intake and human health. Food & function, 7(3), 1251–1265. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5fo01530h

Aragon, A. A., & Schoenfeld, B. J. (2013). Nutrient timing revisited: is there a post-exercise anabolic window?. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 10(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-10-5

Mamerow, M. M., Mettler, J. A., English, K. L., Casperson, S. L., Arentson-Lantz, E., Sheffield-Moore, M., Layman, D. K., & Paddon-Jones, D. (2014). Dietary protein distribution positively influences 24-h muscle protein synthesis in healthy adults. The Journal of nutrition, 144(6), 876–880. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.185280

Vasconcelos, Q. D. J. S., Bachur, T. P. R., & Aragão, G. F. (2021). Whey protein supplementation and its potentially adverse effects on health: a systematic review. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, 46(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0370