Care is the cornerstone of our practice

Visit our Location
11860 Vista Del Sol Dr Suite 105,
El Paso, TX 79936
Give us a Call
+1 (915) 412-6680
Send us a Message
support@chiromed.com
Opening Hours
Mon-Thu: 7 AM - 7 PM
Fri - Sun: Closed

Category: Therapy

ChiroMedBlogTherapy
By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Walking Backward to Alleviate Back Pain

Can walking backward on a treadmill aid in treating conditions and injuries, improving strength, gait, and mobility in the lower extremities and knee, hip, and ankle range of motion (ROM)?

Walking Backward On A Treadmill

Walking backward is often used in physical therapy to treat multiple conditions and injuries and help improve strength, gait, balance, and mobility in the lower extremities. It is also used to improve knee, hip, and ankle range of motion and lower back pain and burn calories.

The Difference Backward vs. Forward

The difference from forward walking is that certain motions are normal gait characteristics.

  • First, the leg swings through the air, and the heel lands on the ground.
  • Then, the straight knee bends slightly as you roll from heel to toe.
  • As this occurs, the opposite leg rolls from the toes and up into the air.
  • This heel-to-toe motion repeats, and normal walking takes place.

Reverse walking creates the opposite gait process.

  • The leg swings through the air and reaches backward with a bent knee.
  • The toes contact the ground, and the bent knee straightens as you roll from toe to heel.
  • Then, the heel leaves the ground with the knee straight, repeating the process.
  • The toe-to-heel gait can provide various benefits. (Cha H. G., Kim T. H., & Kim M. K. 2016)

Benefits

Walking backward on a treadmill benefits include:

  • Improved range of motion in the knee
  • Hamstring flexibility and mobility
  • Quadriceps strengthening

Walking backward also helps burn calories, improve heart function, and improve balance and stability. (Cha H. G., Kim T. H., & Kim M. K. 2016)

Knee Range of Motion

  • Reverse walking can help increase knee extension range of motion. (Zhang M. et al., 2022)
  • Individuals with knee injuries, surgeries, or arthritis may lose their knee extension or the knee’s ability to straighten.
  • The bent knee straightens fully when walking backward, moving from the toes onto the heel.
  • This helps to improve the range of motion into knee extension.

Quadriceps Function

  • Reverse walking can improve the function of the quadriceps muscles in the upper thighs. (Alghadir A. H. et al., 2019)
  • The quads are active when straightening the knee.
  • Exercises like quad sets, short arc quads, and straight leg raises increase quad strength.

Hamstring Flexibility

  • The hamstrings are located in the back of the upper thighs and work to bend the knees and extend the hips.
  • For individuals with tight hamstrings, a therapist may have you walk backward on the treadmill to improve the flexibility of the muscle group. (BBC, 2023)
  • When walking backward, the hamstring contracts to bend the knee as it swings through the air.
  • Then, the hamstring is stretched from the toe to heel movement, and the knee straightens.

Balance, Gait, and Mobility

  • Reverse walking can improve gait characteristics after an injury, surgery, or illness. (Balasukumaran T., Olivier B., & Ntsiea M. V. 2019)
  • Walking backward can help reset one’s gait and improve one’s ability to walk forward.
  • A study on stroke patients found that backward walking training was superior to standing balance training for improving balance and walking speed. (Rose, D. K. et al., 2018)

Burns Calories

  • Backward walking has been found to burn more calories than forward walking.
  • Walking backward uses up about 40% more calories per minute than forward walking at the same speed. (Cha H. G., Kim T. H., & Kim M. K. 2016)

Heart and Lung Function

  • Walking backward on a treadmill can also benefit heart and lung health.
  • Backward walking is more challenging and forces the individual to work harder.
  • Research shows it requires more oxygen and places more demands on the cardiovascular system. (Thomas K. S., Hammond M., & Magal M. 2018)
  • As a result, it improves heart and lung health better.

Conditions That Benefit

Individuals with a lower extremity impairment that results in loss of normal walking mobility may benefit from reverse walking. Common conditions that may help include: (BBC, 2023) (DelMastro H. M. et al., 2023)

  • Hamstring strain
  • Sciatica with tightness in hamstrings
  • Hip, knee or ankle surgery
  • Lower extremity fracture
  • Cerebral palsy
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Stroke

A physical therapist will decide if an individual’s condition warrants reverse walking as part of a rehabilitation program.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.

Control Foot Motion and Posture

References

Cha, H. G., Kim, T. H., & Kim, M. K. (2016). Therapeutic efficacy of walking backward and forward on a slope in normal adults. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(6), 1901–1903. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1901

Zhang, M., Pang, J., Lu, J., Kang, M., Chen, B., Jones, R. K., Zhan, H., & Liu, A. (2022). The Immediate Effect of Backward Walking on External Knee Adduction Moment in Healthy Individuals. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2022, 4232990. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4232990

Alghadir, A. H., Anwer, S., Sarkar, B., Paul, A. K., & Anwar, D. (2019). Effect of 6-week retro or forward walking program on pain, functional disability, quadriceps muscle strength, and performance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial (retro-walking trial). BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 20(1), 159. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2537-9

BBC. (2023). Why walking backwards can be good for your health and brain. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20231110-why-walking-backwards-can-be-good-for-your-health-and-brain

Balasukumaran, T., Olivier, B., & Ntsiea, M. V. (2019). The effectiveness of backward walking as a treatment for people with gait impairments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Rehabilitation, 33(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215518801430

Rose, D. K., DeMark, L., Fox, E. J., Clark, D. J., & Wludyka, P. (2018). A Backward Walking Training Program to Improve Balance and Mobility in Acute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy: JNPT, 42(1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.1097/NPT.0000000000000210

Thomas, K. S., Hammond, M., & Magal, M. (2018). Graded forward and backward walking at a matched intensity on cardiorespiratory responses and postural control. Gait & posture, 65, 20–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.06.168

DelMastro, H. M., Ruiz, J. A., Simaitis, L. B., Gromisch, E. S., Neto, L. O., Cohen, E. T., Wong, E., Krug, R. J., & Lo, A. C. (2023). Effect of Backward and Forward Walking on Lower Limb Strength, Balance, and Gait in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Feasibility Trial. International journal of MS care, 25(2), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2022-010

By admin 0 Comments Athletes, Sporting, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Female Hernia: Insights into Diagnosis and Care

In females, hernia symptoms are often smaller and deeper without a noticeable lump and can mimic gynecological issues, with misdiagnoses being common. Can knowing the risk factors and how female hernias are treated help women get relief?

Female Hernia

A hernia occurs when an internal structure pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall, the muscles, and the tissue covering the front of the torso. The more common include:

  • Groin hernia, known as an inguinal hernia.
  • Upper thigh or femoral hernia.

However, a hernia can develop anywhere from the ribcage to the upper thigh. Hernias are less common in women, have different symptoms than in men, and are often misdiagnosed. Lower abdominal and pelvic hernias present differently in women than men, who typically have a visible bulge. Instead, female hernias tend to be smaller, deeper, and less noticeable. They can also cause chronic pelvic pressure or pain that can be mistaken for gynecological problems.

Hernia Symptoms For a Woman

Hernias in women tend to be smaller and deeper than male hernias, with no lump showing. Instead, female hernias can cause chronic, deep pelvic pain and occasional sharp, stabbing pain that comes on fast and lingers. (Köckerling F., Koch A., & Lorenz R. 2019) Hernia pain worsens with exercise, laughing, coughing, or straining to evacuate the bowels. The pain is often described as:

  • Dull
  • Aching
  • Pinching
  • Sharp
  • Shooting
  • Burning

Inguinal hernia pain is usually felt at or above the groin and may radiate to the hip, lower back, vulva, or thigh. Many women find the pain increases during their menstrual cycle. The pain can also be exacerbated by any activity that generates extra pressure on the pelvic floor, including:

  • Prolonged sitting or standing.
  • Bending
  • Getting in or out of bed.
  • Getting in or out of a car.
  • Sexual intercourse

Emergency

Hernias in the pelvic area are at risk of becoming incarcerated hernias. An incarcerated hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine or other abdominal tissue becomes trapped in the hernial sac, making it impossible to push it back into place. If this gets trapped or strangulated, it can cause tissue death. Strangulated hernias are a medical emergency. Symptoms include:

  • Deep red or purple tissues.
  • The hernia bulge does not shrink when you lie down.

Other  symptoms that warrant immediate medical attention include: (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2025)

  • Worsening pain
  • Bloating
  • Difficulty with bowel movements
  • Nausea
  • Fever
  • A fast, racing heartbeat.

Contact a healthcare provider or the emergency room if experiencing any of the above symptoms.

Types

Hernias can occur anywhere on the abdominal wall. They may be caused by:

  • Internal pressure, such as during pregnancy.
  • A sports injury
  • Tissue weakness

Hernias in the lower abdomen or groin are typically indirect inguinal hernias. The inguinal canal comprises multiple layers of muscles and fascia that the thin round ligament threads through. Other groin and pelvic hernias include:

  • A direct inguinal hernia
  • A femoral hernia at the top of the inner thigh.
  • An obturator hernia in the front upper thigh, although this type is rare.

Other common hernias in women are:

  • Incisional hernia – at the site of a surgical incision
  • Umbilical hernia – around the belly button
  • Ventral hernia – abdominal midline

Less common hernias include:

  • Hiatal hernia – diaphragm
  • Perineal hernia – pelvic floor

Risk Factors

Risk factors for developing a hernia include: (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2025)

  • Obesity
  • Frequent constipation
  • Abdominal or pelvic surgery.
  • Allergies with chronic sneezing.
  • A chronic cough.
  • Collagen defects or connective tissue disorders.

Pregnancy and repeated pregnancies are linked to an increased risk of hernia. Types that are more common in pregnancy include:

  • Umbilical hernia
  • Ventral hernia
  • Inguinal hernia

Umbilical hernias are the most common. However, only a small percentage of pregnant individuals get them. (Kulacoglu H. 2018)

Diagnosis

A hernia diagnosis is made with a physical examination and, if needed, imaging studies. Patients are asked to describe their symptoms precisely, where the pain is located, and any activities that exacerbate it. To check for a hernia, the healthcare provider will palpate for a hernia while the patient sits, stands, or coughs. Imaging tests can include:

  • Ultrasound
  • CT scan
  • Endoscopy – a camera is used to see inside the esophagus and stomach.

Misdiagnoses

Female hernia symptoms can be vague, which often points healthcare providers in the wrong direction. Female hernias are commonly misdiagnosed as: (Köckerling F., Koch A., & Lorenz R. 2019)

  • Cysts in the reproductive organs
  • Endometriosis
  • Fibroid tumors

Treatment

A small hernia that does not cause problems or pain may be treated with a wait-and-evaluate protocol. A hernia often worsens over time and could eventually require surgery. (University of Michigan Health, 2024) Self-care treatments include:

Medical treatments usually start with conservative measures, including physical therapy, stretching, exercise, and rest. Physical therapists often use myofascial release techniques to relieve muscle spasms. Surgery may be needed to repair the weak area of the abdominal wall to relieve symptoms. (University of Michigan Health, 2024) Hernia repair surgery is typically performed as a laparoscopic surgery. (Köckerling F., Koch A., & Lorenz R. 2019) Most patients heal quickly from the surgery and can return to regular activities in a week or two.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.

Lumbar Spine Injuries in Sports: Chiropractic Healing

References

Köckerling, F., Koch, A., & Lorenz, R. (2019). Groin Hernias in Women-A Review of the Literature. Frontiers in surgery, 6, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2019.00004

Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2025). How to tell if you have a hernia. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/how-to-tell-if-you-have-a-hernia

Kulacoglu H. (2018). Umbilical Hernia Repair and Pregnancy: Before, during, after…. Frontiers in surgery, 5, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2018.00001

University of Michigan Health. (2024). Inguinal hernia: Should I have surgery now, or should I wait? https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/za1162

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. (2022). Sports hernia. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/sports-hernia-athletic-pubalgia/

Northeast Georgia Health System. (2022). Living with a hernia. Northeast Georgia Health System Improving the health of our community in all we do. https://www.nghs.com/2022/02/15/living-with-a-hernia

By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Straight Leg Test: Understanding Its Purpose

Can the straight leg test help find the cause of back or hamstring pain in individuals experiencing it?

Straight Leg Test

The straight leg raise test is often used to diagnose sciatica/radiculopathy, herniated discs, and other spinal problems. The healthcare provider giving the test performs most of the movement as they assess what’s causing the leg and/or back pain. The patient lies on their back with the legs straight. The provider will have the patient perform specific movements and inform them of how it feels. Then, they’ll raise the leg to see if and at what point symptoms begin to show. Providers often use this test alongside imaging studies.

Purpose

The straight leg raise is one of the most common manual tests done during physical exams. The straight leg raise test seeks to reproduce the pain or other symptoms in a controlled fashion to provide clues to what’s happening. It is a manual exam, and the healthcare provider will:

  • Position the patient
  • Moves the patient
  • Create pressure to see how well the patient can resist it

This is often used alongside imaging tests, such as an X-ray or CT scan. (Allegri M. et al., 2016) Its goal is to check for nerve movement and sensitivity of nerve tissue to compression. The straight leg lift test is neurodynamic because it uses movement to diagnose nerve problems. (Baselgia L.T. et al., 2017)

During the Test

Expect to feel some pain during the test, as the whole point is to see what aggravates the symptoms. They may be caused by:

  • Tight hip or back muscles
  • Back muscle spasms
  • Slipped disc
  • Spinal instability

Most of the tests are passive, with the provider doing the lifting. The patient can help achieve the most accurate result by staying as relaxed as possible and being clear about what is felt. (Pande K. 2015) The procedure:

  • The patient lies on their back with their legs straight.
  • The provider will ask the patient to turn one of the legs in.
  • This tells them what hip position affects the lower back symptoms.
  • They’ll then ask you to bring the leg toward the body’s center.
  • Then, they’ll lift the straight leg until the patient experiences symptoms.
  • Pain suggests a herniated disc.
  • If there is no pain, this also provides valuable information.
  • The procedure is repeated with the other leg.

Modifications

It’s important to let the examiner know about any limitations. The straight leg raise test has modifications if the patient cannot lift their leg while it’s straight or if they have difficulty lying on their back, which can also help avoid an injury during the test.

Variations

The healthcare provider may repeat the test with the ankle in a dorsiflexed position/raising the foot. Then, they’ll have the patient do it with their chin tucked into their chest. (Young R. et al., 2013) These variations can help check for nerve involvement in specific locations, such as the spinal cord or the dura mater, the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. (Venne G. et al., 2017) The spinal cord nerves are likely involved and affected if the usual pain is in the back or leg but not the chin, neck, or foot. (Camino Willhuber GO, Piuzzi NS. 2023)

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. The clinic can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

From Injury to Recovery with Chiropractic Care

References

Casiano, V. E., Sarwan, G., Dydyk, A. M., & Varacallo, M. A. (2025). Back Pain. In StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30844200

Pesonen, J., Shacklock, M., Suomalainen, J. S., Karttunen, L., Mäki, J., Airaksinen, O., & Rade, M. (2021). Extending the straight leg raise test for improved clinical evaluation of sciatica: validity and diagnostic performance with reference to the magnetic resonance imaging. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 22(1), 808. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04649-z

Allegri, M., Montella, S., Salici, F., Valente, A., Marchesini, M., Compagnone, C., Baciarello, M., Manferdini, M. E., & Fanelli, G. (2016). Mechanisms of low back pain: a guide for diagnosis and therapy. F1000Research, 5, F1000 Faculty Rev-1530. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8105.2

Baselgia, L. T., Bennett, D. L., Silbiger, R. M., & Schmid, A. B. (2017). Negative Neurodynamic Tests Do Not Exclude Neural Dysfunction in Patients With Entrapment Neuropathies. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 98(3), 480–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2016.06.019

Pande K. (2015). The Use of Passive Straight Leg Raising Test: A Survey of Clinicians. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal, 9(3), 44–48. https://doi.org/10.5704/MOJ.1511.012

Young, R., Nix, S., Wholohan, A., Bradhurst, R., & Reed, L. (2013). Interventions for increasing ankle joint dorsiflexion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of foot and ankle research, 6(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-6-46

Venne, G., Rasquinha, B. J., Kunz, M., & Ellis, R. E. (2017). Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor: Histological and Biomechanical Links to the Spinal Dura Mater. Spine, 42(8), E466–E473. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000001867

Camino Willhuber, G. O., & Piuzzi, N. S. (2025). Straight Leg Raise Test. In StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30969539

By admin 0 Comments Athletes, Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Peroneal Tendon Injuries and Their Symptoms

Are individuals with high foot arches or participating in sports involving repetitive ankle motion at risk for developing peroneal tendon injuries?

Peroneal Tendon Injuries

The peroneal tendons connect the muscles of the outer side of the lower leg to the foot. They may be acute—occurring suddenly—or chronic—developing over time. The basic types of peroneal tendon injuries are tendonitis, tears, and subluxation. 

Anatomy and Function

The two major peroneal muscles (peroneus longus and peroneus brevis) are outside the lower leg, next to the calf muscles. The peroneal tendons run along the outer side of the ankle and attach to the foot, connecting these muscles to bone. They help stabilize the ankle joint, point the foot downward (plantarflexion), and turn the foot outward (eversion). In normal gait, the motion of the peroneal muscles is balanced by the muscles that invert the foot or rock the foot inward from the ankle.​ The two peroneal tendons sit one on top of the other right behind the fibula (the smaller lower leg bone). This closeness can contribute to problems with the peroneal tendons, as they rub together behind the ankle.

Tendonitis

The most common problem is inflammation or tendonitis. The tendons are usually inflamed just behind the fibula bone at the ankle joint. This part of the fibula is the bump on the outside of the ankle, and the peroneal tendons are located just behind that bony prominence. Tendonitis can either result from repetitive overuse or an acute injury. Common symptoms of tendonitis include:

  • Pain behind the ankle
  • Swelling over the peroneal tendons
  • Tenderness of the tendons
  • Pain usually worsens if the foot is pulled down and inwards, stretching the peroneal tendons.
  • X-rays of the ankle are taken.
  • MRI may show inflammation and fluid around the tendons. (Walt J. & Massey P. 2023)

Typical treatment of peroneal tendonitis is accomplished by:

Ice application

  • Applying ice to the area can help reduce swelling and control pain.

Rest

  • Resting is important to allow the tendon to heal.
  • A supportive device (walking boot or ankle brace) or crutches can help in severe cases.
  • Braces and boots provide support, reduce tendons’ stress, and allow rest and inflammation to subside.

Anti-inflammatory Medications

  • Motrin or Aleve are anti-inflammatory and can reduce the swelling around the tendon.

Physical Therapy

  • Physical therapy can help restore normal ankle joint mechanics, help with swelling and pain relief, and correct strength imbalances.

Cortisone Injections

  • Cortisone injections are low-risk if administered to the area around the tendon and not more often than every three months.
  • Ultrasound guidance can help ensure the medication is injected into the correct area. (Walt J. & Massey P. 2023)

Tendon Tears

Tears can occur and are more likely to happen in the peroneus brevis tendon. Tears are believed to be the result of two issues with the tendon. One is the blood supply. Tears of the peroneus brevis tendon almost always occur in the area where the blood supply and nutrition of the tendon are the poorest.

The second issue is the closeness between the two tendons, causing the peroneus brevis tendon to be wedged between the peroneus longus tendon and the bone. (Saxena A., & Bareither D. 2001) Tears of the peroneus brevis tendon are often treated with the same treatments for tendonitis. About half of the tears diagnosed by imaging are found to be asymptomatic. For individuals who don’t find lasting relief from symptoms, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options for peroneal tendon tears (Dombek M. F. et al., 2001)

Tendon Debridement and Repair

  • During a tendon debridement, the damaged tendon and the surrounding inflammatory tissue are removed.
  • The tear can be repaired, and the tendon can be tubularized to restore its normal shape.

Tenodesis

  • A tenodesis is a procedure where the damaged area of the tendon is sewn to the normal tendon.
  • In this case, the damaged segment of the peroneal tendon is removed, and the ends left behind are sewn to the adjacent remaining peroneal tendon.
  • Tenodesis is often recommended for tears involving more than 50% of the tendon. (Castilho R. S. et al., 2024)

Depending on the surgical procedure, Recovery after surgery can take several weeks of restricted weight-bearing and immobilization. Following immobilization, therapy can begin. Recovery is usually six to 12 weeks, depending on the surgery, but a full return to sports and activities may take several months. Risks of surgery include infection, stiffness, skin numbness near the incision, persistent swelling, and persistent pain.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

The Difference of Using Custom Foot Orthotics

References

Walt, J., & Massey, P. (2025). Peroneal Tendon Syndromes. In StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31335074

Saxena, A., & Bareither, D. (2001). Magnetic resonance and cadaveric findings of the “watershed band” of the Achilles tendon. The Journal of foot and ankle surgery: official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, 40(3), 132–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1067-2516(01)80078-8

Dombek, M. F., Orsini, R., Mendicino, R. W., & Saltrick, K. (2001). Peroneus brevis tendon tears. Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery, 18(3), 409–427.

Castilho, R. S., Magalhães, J. M. B., Veríssimo, B. P. M., Perisano, C., Greco, T., & Zambelli, R. (2024). Minimally Invasive Peroneal Tenodesis Assisted by Peroneal Tendoscopy: Technique and Preliminary Results. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 60(1), 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010104

By admin 0 Comments Sleep Hygiene, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Managing Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep for Better Rest

For individuals experiencing periodic limb movements of sleep, can understanding how movements at night may relate to other sleep disorders help bring healthy sleep?

Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep

Periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) are involuntary, repetitive leg and sometimes arm movements during sleep. PLMS is one of the sleep disorders that may cause disruptive movement of the legs, like restless legs syndrome (RLS). It can lead to sleep disruption, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness.

Causes

The exact cause of PLMS is unknown, but it is thought to be related to:

  • Underlying medical conditions (e.g., restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea)
  • Nerve dysfunction
  • Neurochemical imbalances (e.g., dopamine, iron)

Symptoms

  • Repetitive leg and/or arm movements during sleep, typically lasting 0.5-5 seconds.
  • It may be accompanied by sensations of tingling, crawling, or pulling in the legs.
  • It can cause sleep disturbances, leading to daytime fatigue.

Type of Movements

Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) consist of sudden jerking movements of the legs that occur involuntarily during sleep, which the affected individual may not realize is happening. It can be kicking, twitching, or extension of the legs.

  • Restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms are noted when awake.
  • PLMS occurs during sleep. (Walters A. S., & Rye D. B. 2009)
  • The movements associated often consist of flexion or extension at the ankle.
  • In some cases, this can also occur at the knee.
  • It may occur on one side or alternate back and forth between the left and right sides. (Cleveland Clinic, 2023)
  • It tends to increase with age and often but is not always accompanied by restless leg symptoms.

If PLMS causes daytime impairment, such as significant sleep disruption, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia, it may be diagnosed as periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). (Sleep Foundation, 2024)

Diagnosis

PLMS is diagnosed through a sleep study (polysomnography), which records brain waves, eye movements, muscle activity, and breathing patterns during sleep. As part of the study, superficial electrodes are placed on the legs and sometimes the arms to detect muscle contractions or movements.

  • In individuals with PLMS, repetitive movements at least four in a row may last from 1/2 second to 5 seconds. 
  • The movements may be more significant if they are associated with arousal or awakenings from sleep.
  • They also may be deemed important if they become disruptive to a bed partner.
  • No further treatment may be necessary when noted in isolation on a sleep study without associated symptoms or impacts.
  • If another disorder cannot explain the movements, PLMS may be the likely diagnosis.
  • Again, if the movements lead to sleep disruption, insomnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness, it is called PLMD.
  • Isolated PLMS noted on a sleep study, without consequence, are insignificant and do not require treatment with medication.

Restless leg syndrome is diagnosed based on clinical criteria of having an uncomfortable feeling in the legs associated with an urge to move that occurs in the evening when lying down and is relieved by movement. (Stefani, A., & Högl, B. 2019)

Treatment

Treatment for PLMS depends on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms. Options include:

  • Medications (e.g., dopamine agonists, iron supplements)
  • Lifestyle changes (e.g., exercise, avoiding caffeine before bed)
  • Treating the underlying medical condition

In general, it is unnecessary to treat PLMS if the individual affected has no complaints of sleep disruption. Treatment can be considered if it causes:

  • Partial or total arousal from sleep
  • Contributes to insomnia
  • Undermines sleep quality
  • Also, if the movements are disruptive to a bed partner, getting them under control may be desirable.

Prescription medications can be effective in treating PLMS. (Cleveland Clinic, 2023) Many of the meds used to treat RLS can be helpful. These may include benzodiazepines (clonazepam), Mirapex (generic name pramipexole), and ropinirole. Movements may also occur with obstructive sleep apnea events, and then the treatment would target the breathing disorder.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Individuals who struggle with sleep or other sleep disorders that impact their ability to get restful sleep should consult with their healthcare provider about getting an assessment and treatment to restore health. Individuals can recover and regain the benefits of quality rest through healthy sleep practices and lifestyle accommodations. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

Revitalize and Rebuild with Chiropractic Care

References

Walters, A. S., & Rye, D. B. (2009). Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. Sleep, 32(5), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/32.5.589

Cleveland Clinic. (2023). Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14177-periodic-limb-movements-of-sleep-plms

Sleep Foundation. (2024). Periodic Limb Movement Disorder What it is, what it feels like, its possible causes, and how it’s addressed. https://www.sleepfoundation.org/periodic-limb-movement-disorder

Stefani, A., & Högl, B. (2019). Diagnostic Criteria, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment of Minor Motor Activity and Less Well-Known Movement Disorders of Sleep. Current treatment options in neurology, 21(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-019-0543-8

By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

The Prevalence of Rotator Cuff Tears and Treatment Approaches

Could older individuals who do not have symptoms of shoulder pain or loss of shoulder and arm function have a rotator cuff tear?

Rotator Cuff Tear Physical Therapy

A rotator cuff tear is a common injury to the four muscles and tendons surrounding and stabilizing the shoulder joint. Studies have shown that (Geary M. B., & Elfar J. C. 2015)

  • 30% of those under the age of 70
  • 70% of those over age 80 have a rotator cuff tear. 

Physical therapy is often recommended as a first-line initial treatment for rotator cuff pain. In most cases, a rotator cuff tear will not need surgical treatment. Determining when surgery is necessary depends on several factors a patient can discuss with their healthcare provider.

Causes

  • Overuse and repetitive motions
  • Trauma (e.g., falls, collisions)
  • Age-related degeneration

Symptoms

  • Shoulder pain, especially with overhead or rotational movements
  • Weakness and difficulty raising the arm
  • Clicking or grinding sounds in the shoulder
  • Limited range of motion

Treatment

The goal of physical therapy for a rotator cuff tear is not necessarily to heal the torn tendon but to relieve pain and improve strength by reducing inflammation and restoring shoulder joint mechanics. This is achieved through physical therapy, ice application, anti-inflammatory treatments like medications, and cortisone injections.

Physical Therapy

The goal of physical therapy is to improve the function of the muscles that surround the shoulder. Physical therapy targets the smaller muscles around the shoulder that are commonly neglected. By strengthening these muscles, the treatment can help compensate for damaged tendons and improve the mechanics of the shoulder joint. A chiropractic physical therapy team will develop a personalized exercise program. Generally, rehabilitation will start with gentle range of motion exercises that can be accomplished using the arms to lift a mobility stick/wand overhead.

Shoulder Pulleys

  • These improve shoulder range of motion and flexibility.

Isometric Exercises

  • These exercises are for the rotator cuff muscles and may then be started.
  • This exercise can improve the contracting of the muscles around the shoulder and offer more support to the shoulder joint.

Scapular Stabilization Exercises

  • These can also be done to improve the muscles surrounding the shoulder blade’s function.
  • This can help improve how the shoulder joint, arm, and scapulae move together when using the arm.

Advanced Strengthening

  • Advanced exercises can be done with a dumbbell or resistance band.

Consult your healthcare provider or physical therapist before starting these or any other exercises for a rotator cuff tear. Doing exercises correctly prevents further pain, injury, or shoulder problems. Specific, focused exercises can help expedite and regain normal shoulder function.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

The prognosis for rotator cuff tears depends on the severity of the tear and the individual’s overall health. With proper treatment, most people can regain the full function of their shoulders. However, some may experience ongoing pain or limitations in severe cases. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

Shoulder Pain Chiropractic Treatment

References

Geary, M. B., & Elfar, J. C. (2015). Rotator Cuff Tears in the Elderly Patients. Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation, 6(3), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/2151458515583895

By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy, Work Injury , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

How Outcome Measurement Tests Can Guide Treatment

Can individuals experiencing difficulty with functional mobility benefit from physical therapy to help them return to normal activities?

Outcome Measurement Tests

Outcome measurement tests assess the effects of a treatment plan on a patient. They can be used to determine a patient’s baseline function, monitor their progress, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. They also give the therapy team an effective way to measure mobility, flexibility, and range of motion.

Function and Purpose

Outcome measurement tests serve various purposes. These include: (American Physical Therapy Association, N.D.)

  • To assist in goal-setting
  • Provide motivation
  • To guide treatment
  • To give a prognosis for the specific condition
  • To justify the treatment

The physical therapist may use other functional outcome measurements to help assess physical therapy progress.

  • They may measure your strength and range of motion.
  • Balance and posture may be evaluated.

Effective functional outcome measurement tests must meet certain criteria to be useful in a physical therapy clinic. First, they must be reliable, meaning the results must be consistent with each patient and within groups of patients. They must also be valid to measure exactly what they are intended to measure. An effective measurement test must also be easy to administer, so it must be practical and simple. Outcome measurement tests must also be purposeful. For example, a balance test must reflect a patient’s current function and be related to their balance ability.

Common Outcome Measurement Tests Used

Common functional outcome measurement tools that a physical therapist may use include:

  • The timed up-and-go or TUG test is a simple assessment used to evaluate a person’s mobility and balance by measuring how long it takes them to stand up from a chair, walk a short distance, turn around, walk back, and sit down again; it’s often used to identify potential fall risks in older adults, particularly those with mobility concerns, as a longer time to complete the task may indicate increased fall risk. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017)
  • The Tinetti balance and gait evaluation, also known as the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), is a clinical test used to assess balance and gait abilities, particularly in older adults. It evaluates stability during various standing and walking tests and provides a score that indicates a person’s fall risk potential.
  • The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a standardized test for adults that measures balance and the risk of falling. It’s widely used and can be performed in various settings.
  • The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a medical assessment in which a person walks as far as they can in a designated area for exactly six minutes. This allows healthcare providers to evaluate their functional exercise capacity. It is particularly useful for assessing patients with lung or heart conditions where walking ability might be compromised. The distance covered during the six minutes is the key measurement used to interpret the test results. (Ferreira M. B. et al., 2022)
  • The functional reach test (FRT) is a clinical assessment that measures an individual’s dynamic balance by determining the maximum distance they can reach forward while standing in a fixed position. It assesses their risk of falling by evaluating how far they can extend their arm before losing stability. The FRT is often used to assess older adults or individuals with potential balance issues. 
  • The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire is a self-administered questionnaire used to measure the level of disability a person experiences due to low back pain. It assesses how the pain impacts their daily activities in various aspects of life, such as personal care, work, and social life; a higher score indicates greater disability. 
  • The functional independence measure (FIM) assesses a patient’s ability to perform daily activities independently. It also measures the patient’s disability level and how much assistance is needed.

Functional outcome measurement tests provide a starting point for developing physical therapy goals. For example, if the TUG test takes 19 seconds, individuals may aim for 10 seconds. A TUG score that falls at or over 10 seconds indicates reduced physical capacity (Kear B. M., Guck T. P., & McGaha A. L. 2017). This can be the motivation needed to reach physical therapy goals.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

Understanding The Effects of Personal Injury

References

American Physical Therapy Association. (N.D.). Outcome Measures in Patient Care. https://www.apta.org/your-practice/outcomes-measurement

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Timed Up & Go Assessment. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/steadi/media/pdfs/steadi-assessment-tug-508.pdf

Ferreira, M. B., Saraiva, F. A., Fonseca, T., Costa, R., Marinho, A., Oliveira, J. C., Carvalho, H. C., Rodrigues, P., & Ferreira, J. P. (2022). Clinical associations and prognostic implications of 6-minute walk test in rheumatoid arthritis. Scientific reports, 12(1), 18672. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21547-z

Kear, B. M., Guck, T. P., & McGaha, A. L. (2017). Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test: Normative Reference Values for Ages 20 to 59 Years and Relationships With Physical and Mental Health Risk Factors. Journal of primary care & community health, 8(1), 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2150131916659282

By admin 0 Comments Sporting, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Exploring the Different Types of Knee Braces and Their Uses

Can a knee brace relieve discomfort, provide support, and expedite recovery for individuals recovering from an injury or surgery?

Knee Brace

A knee brace is a medical device that supports and stabilizes the knee joint to help with pain and recovery after an injury or surgery. Many knee braces are made of various materials and offer a range of support levels. A healthcare provider or physical therapist can recommend the appropriate one for your condition and suggest the best one. Ask a healthcare provider if you’re unsure, as wearing a knee brace correctly and for the recommended time is important for healing. They are generally safe. However, individuals with health conditions such as poor circulation should be cautious when using them and consult their healthcare provider.

What They Do

The knee joint comprises bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. A knee brace stabilizes these structures, preventing them from moving too much or too fast. Some braces redistribute the knee joint’s weight, decreasing the force the knee absorbs. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020)

Conditions

A knee brace is used after surgery to aid in healing and following an injury. This can be:

  • Sprain
  • Ligament injury
  • Patellar/kneecap dislocation

They are also used to support the knee and relieve pain from some chronic conditions including: (Sprouse R. A., McLaughlin A. M., & Harris G. D. 2018)

  • Tendonitis
  • Patellar tendinopathy
  • Chondromalacia patellae
  • Patellofemoral stress syndrome
  • Medial knee osteoarthritis

Types

Knee braces differ in function and support level. Some stabilize the knee, while others completely immobilize the joint. A healthcare provider and/or physical therapist will explain what support is needed and how to use it. They can also check the brace’s fit and determine if adjustments or a different size are required.

Most Commonly Used

Prophylactic Brace

Unloader

  • This brace helps rebalance the weight and shift the pressure on the knee joint to other parts of the leg, reducing pain. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020)
  • A knee unloader is typically used to control discomfort due to inflammatory conditions like tendonitis and osteoarthritis.

Functional

  • This brace limits motion in the joint after an injury or prevents dislocation.

Bledsoe Brace

  • This brace has straps to wrap around the thigh and shin and support brackets on the inside and outside of the knee joint.
  • A small mechanism locks the knee into full extension or allows the knee to bend a specific amount.

Knee Immobilizer

  • A knee immobilizer keeps the knee in one position.
  • It is a long cloth brace that runs the length of the shin and thigh.

Knee Brace vs Knee Support

A knee support or sleeve is usually a tight-fitting fabric garment. It provides compression to help reduce swelling and discomfort. A knee brace offers more support and can also be set to limit mobility.

Wearing The Brace

Individuals may need to wear a knee brace all day or only when performing specific tasks and operations. It depends on the individual and the condition the brace is being used for. Some may only need to wear a knee brace during certain activities or a flare-up of pain. (Mayo Clinic, 2022) Wearing a brace for unnecessarily long periods can cause skin abrasion, joint stiffness, and muscle atrophy. (American Academy of Family Physicians, 2020) Conversely, neglecting to wear it can cause more susceptibility to injury or extend and or impair healing time. Ask a healthcare provider when you should and should not wear the brace. This could be when:

  • Sitting
  • Walking
  • Driving
  • Sleeping
  • Stretching

Contraindications

Some medical conditions can make an individual susceptible to injury and adverse effects from wearing a knee brace. These include: (Holden, M. A. et al., 2021)

  • Poor circulation
  • Superficial wounds on the knee
  • Psoriasis
  • Eczema
  • Arterial insufficiency
  • Severe varicose veins
  • A history of thrombophlebitis

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

If you have one of these conditions, a healthcare provider will decide if a knee brace is safe. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

Best Knee Injury Chiropractor

References

American Academy of Family Physicians. (2020). Knee Bracing: What Works? https://familydoctor.org/knee-bracing-what-works/

Sprouse, R. A., McLaughlin, A. M., & Harris, G. D. (2018). Braces and Splints for Common Musculoskeletal Conditions. American family physician, 98(10), 570–576.

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Knee pain: how to choose the right knee brace for your child. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/injuries-emergencies/sports-injuries/Pages/Knee-Pain-and-braces.aspx

Mayo Clinic. (2022). To brace or not to brace: What’s the best answer? https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/to-brace-or-not-to-brace#:~:text=If%20you%20have%20early%20onset%2C%20mild%20arthritis,below%20the%20knee%20for%20compression%20and%20comfort.

Holden, M. A., Callaghan, M., Felson, D., Birrell, F., Nicholls, E., Jowett, S., Kigozi, J., McBeth, J., Borrelli, B., Jinks, C., Foster, N. E., Dziedzic, K., Mallen, C., Ingram, C., Sutton, A., Lawton, S., Halliday, N., Hartshorne, L., Williams, H., Browell, R., … Peat, G. (2021). Clinical and cost-effectiveness of bracing in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis management: protocol for a multicentre, primary care, randomised, parallel-group, superiority trial. BMJ open, 11(3), e048196. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048196

By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Exploring Nociceptors: Detecting and Reacting to Pain

Can understanding how nociceptors function and their role in processing pain signals help individuals who are managing injuries and/or living with chronic pain conditions?

Nociceptors

Nociceptors are nerve endings that detect harmful stimuli, such as extreme temperatures, pressure, and chemicals, and signal pain. They are the body’s first defense against potentially damaging environmental inputs.

  • Nociceptors are in the skin, muscles, joints, bones, internal organs, deep tissues, and cornea.
  • They detect harmful stimuli and convert them into electrical signals.
  • These signals are sent to the brain’s higher centers.
  • The brain interprets the signals as pain, which prompts the body to avoid the harmful stimulus.

Nociceptors, often called pain receptors, are free nerve endings all over the body. They play a pivotal role in how the body feels and reacts to pain. The main purpose of a nociceptor is to respond to damage to the body by transmitting signals to the spinal cord and brain. (Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al., editors. 2001) If you bang your foot, the nociceptors on the skin are activated, sending a signal to the brain via the peripheral nerves to the spinal cord. Pain resulting from any cause is transmitted this way. Pain signals are complex, carrying information about the stimuli’s location and intensity. This causes the brain to fully process the pain and send communication back to block further pain signals.

Classification

There are different classes of nociceptors, which are based on which type of stimuli they respond to (University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 2020)

Thermal

  • Thermal nociceptors respond to extreme hot or cold temperatures.
  • For instance, when touching a hot stove, the nociceptors, which signal pain, are activated immediately, sometimes before you know what you’ve done.

Mechanical

  • Mechanical nociceptors respond to intense stretching or strain, such as pulling a hamstring or straining a tendon.
  • The muscles or tendons are stretched beyond their ability, stimulating nociceptors and sending pain signals to the brain.

Chemical

  • Chemical nociceptors respond to chemicals released from tissue damage.
  • For example, prostaglandins and substance P or external chemicals like topical capsaicin pain creams.

Silent

  • Silent nociceptors must be first activated by tissue inflammation before responding to a mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimulus.
  • Most visceral nociceptors are located on organs in the body.

Polymodal

  • Polymodal nociceptors respond to mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli.

Mechano-thermal

  • Mechano-thermal nociceptors respond to mechanical and thermal stimuli.

Pain Transmission

Nociceptors are also classified by how fast they transmit pain signals. Transmission speed is determined by the type of nerve fiber known as an axon a nociceptor has. There are two main types.

  • The first type is A fiber axon, fibers surrounded by a fatty, protective sheath called myelin.
  • Myelin allows nerve signals/action potentials to travel rapidly.
  • The second type is C fiber axons, which are not surrounded by myelin and transmit slower. (University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 2020)

Because of the difference in transmission speed, the pain signals from the A fibers reach the spinal cord first. As a result, after an acute injury, an individual experiences pain in two phases, one from the A fibers and one from the C fibers. (Ngassapa D. N. 1996)

Pain Perception Phases

When an injury occurs, the stimulated nociceptors activate the A fibers, causing a person to experience sharp, prickling pain.

  1. This is the first phase of pain, known as fast pain, because it is not especially intense but comes right after the stimulus.
  2. During the second phase of pain, the C fibers are activated, causing an intense, burning pain that persists even after the stimulus has stopped.
  3. The fact that the C fibers carry burning pain explains why there is a short delay before feeling the sensation.
  4. The C fibers also carry aching, sore pain caused by organs within the body, such as a sore muscle or stomachache. (Ngassapa D. N. 1996)

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

From Injury To Recovery With Chiropractic Care

References

Purves D, A. G., Fitzpatrick D, et al., editors. (2001). Nociceptors. In Neuroscience. 2nd edition. (2nd ed.). Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10965/

University of Texas McGovern Medical School. (2020). Chapter 6: Pain Principles. https://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/m/s2/chapter06.html

Ngassapa D. N. (1996). Comparison of functional characteristics of intradental A- and C-nerve fibres in dental pain. East African medical journal, 73(3), 207–209.

By admin 0 Comments Chiropractic Care, Therapy , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

How a Massage Gun Can Help Ease Pregnancy Pain and Fatigue

Stress on the lower back during pregnancy often leads to back (upper, middle, lower), sciatica, and leg pain. Can you use a massage gun while pregnant?

Pregnancy Massage Gun Use

Pregnant women often experience back, hip, and leg pain along with symptoms such as swelling (edema), muscle spasms, cramps, and fatigue, which interfere with daily functions and sleep. Pregnancy massage gun use is a safe and helpful form of stress and tension relief, so long as healthcare providers and safety precautions are followed and sensitive areas are avoided. Massage guns use percussion and vibration to create a form of massage that can relieve tension, stiffness, and muscle soreness, break up tissue adhesions, and reduce inflammation. Moreover, pregnancy massage can provide relaxation and pain relief for muscles and joints that are adapting to a growing, changing body. Traditional massage therapy and massage gun therapy have been shown to help reduce muscle soreness and pain. (Imtiyaz S., Veqar Z., & Shareef M. Y. 2014) The benefits of pregnancy massage gun use include:

However, it is essential to discuss massage gun use with a healthcare professional and follow safety precautions when using massage guns during pregnancy.

Benefits

While there is no specific research on the benefits of massage guns for pregnant individuals, studies have demonstrated the general benefits of massage during pregnancy, including deep tissue massage. Therapeutic massage effectively reduces pregnancy discomforts and pain and is a safe and affordable method of pain relief. (El-Hosary EA, Abbas Soliman HF, El-Homosy SM. 2016) Researchers believe this relief helps improve the health of mother and baby in ways that include. (El-Hosary EA, Abbas Soliman HF, El-Homosy SM. 2016) (Mueller S. M., & Grunwald M. 2021)

  • Improves cardiovascular health
  • Overall circulation improves
  • Increases serotonin and dopamine levels
  • Decreases chronic back pain
  • Relieves muscle aches and joint pains
  • Improves sleep patterns
  • Increases energy
  • Reduces anxiety
  • Increases immune response
  • Enhances sense of well-being and mood
  • Reduces risk of preterm delivery

Massage Gun Safety

Pregnancy massage gun use is generally safe for those who do not have preexisting conditions. (Mueller S. M., & Grunwald M. 2021) However, there are no studies on the safety of massage guns or other massage tools for pregnant individuals. It is recommended to discuss the use of massage guns with a doctor before use.

When to Avoid Massage Therapies

Pregnant individuals should avoid pregnancy massage of any kind if any of the following conditions are present (American Massage Therapy Association, 2018)

High-risk Pregnancy

  • Individuals with high-risk factors, such as bleeding, pre-term contractions, and preeclampsia, should avoid using massage guns unless a doctor clears them to do so.

Preeclampsia

  • This condition causes a rise in blood pressure that can be serious.
  • It typically develops around 20 weeks of pregnancy or later.

Deep Vein Thrombosis – DVT

  • Avoid using a massage gun if there is a history of deep vein thrombosis.
  • Blood volume increases during pregnancy, and leg circulation can be poor.
  • Certain hormones that prevent hemorrhage during delivery can cause blood to clot more easily.
  • Using a massage gun on areas with potential blood clots may release the clot, leading to a life-threatening embolism. (Sutham K. et al., 2020)
  • Compression socks are a better alternative for relieving leg pain and swelling, but follow the healthcare provider’s recommendations.

Placenta Previa, Accrete, or Abruption

  • These conditions involve the placenta, which can lead to bleeding.

Gestational Diabetes

  • High blood sugar levels do not necessarily mean individuals cannot use a massage gun during pregnancy.
  • However, speak to a doctor and monitor blood sugar before use.

How to Use

Although there are no specific expert directions for the use of massage guns during pregnancy, there are guidelines to consider while using the device. This includes:

  • Never place the massage gun directly over bones, nerves, or joints.
  • Avoid using the device around injured, swollen, or painful areas.
  • Avoid using a massage gun directly on the abdomen.

Additional Tips (Hospital for Special Surgery, 2021)

  • Start by trying a light 10- to 15-second pass over sore or tight areas.
  • Perform three to five sweeps over the location, then move on to another.
  • Be careful not to keep the gun on a single area too long, as you could overwork the muscle, leading to bruising and irritation.
  • The recommended time for leaving the massager in one area is two minutes.
  • Stop using the massage gun if there is unusual pain, sensations, or discomfort.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Massage during pregnancy can help relieve symptoms such as anxiety, stress, pain, discomfort, tightness, and poor circulation. Regular massage can help improve sleep and can even benefit the baby. However, it is recommended to consult with a doctor about using a massage gun before trying it out. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic can help individuals recover and regain the benefits of quality rest through healthy sleep practices and lifestyle accommodations. We build optimal health and wellness solutions with primary healthcare providers and specialists. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.

Pregnancy and Sciatica: How Chiropractic Helped

References

Imtiyaz, S., Veqar, Z., & Shareef, M. Y. (2014). To Compare the Effect of Vibration Therapy and Massage in Prevention of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR, 8(1), 133–136. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/7294.3971

American Massage Therapy Association. (2011). Pregnancy Massage. https://www.amtamassage.org/publications/massage-therapy-journal/massage-and-pregnancy/

El-Hosary EA, Abbas Soliman HF, El-Homosy SM. (2016). Effect of Therapeutic Massage on Relieving Pregnancy Discomforts. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science., 5(4), 57-64. https://doi.org/10.9790/1959-0504025764

Mueller, S. M., & Grunwald, M. (2021). Effects, Side Effects and Contraindications of Relaxation Massage during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(16), 3485. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163485

American Massage Therapy Association. (2018). Massage and pregnancy: A powerful combination. https://www.amtamassage.org/publications/massage-therapy-journal/massage-and-pregnancy-a-powerful-combination/

Sutham, K., Na-Nan, S., Paiboonsithiwong, S., Chaksuwat, P., & Tongsong, T. (2020). Leg massage during pregnancy with unrecognized deep vein thrombosis could be life-threatening: a case report. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 20(1), 237. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-02924-w

Hospital for Special Surgery. Surgery, H. F. S. (2021). What you should know about using a massage gun. https://www.hss.edu/article_how-to-use-massage-gun.asp