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Enzymes and Their Role in Biological Functions

Enzymes’ function is to help trigger bodily processes ranging from digestion to blood clotting to growth. What is the best way to support enzyme production?

Enzymes

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. They cause and speed up crucial chemical reactions and help the body complete necessary chemical reactions. They are vital for many biological processes, including digestion, metabolism, and molecule building and breaking down. This includes breaking down food, facilitating growth, and forming blood clots. Too little of a certain type can lead to serious health implications like a fatal buildup of toxins. Individuals missing a certain kind of enzyme or having too little of it can develop serious health conditions.

Function

They help speed up chemical reactions in the body (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2025). They facilitate chemical reactions in everything from digesting food to muscle growth. Enzymes facilitate this by binding to a cell, creating the reactions needed. With enzyme binding, chemical reactions can occur without destroying the cell. (Nemours KidsHealth, 2023) Each cell in the body has thousands of enzymes to help facilitate all the complex reactions to maintain health. (National Human Genome Research Institute, 2025)

Factors Affecting Production

In healthy individuals, the body produces the enzymes it needs. However, metabolic disorders can occur if the body does not produce enough of a certain type. (Kennedy Krieger Institute, 2025) These disorders can be serious and are usually caused by a genetic malfunction that impacts production.

Types

There are thousands of different types. Digestive enzymes, for example, aid in the breakdown of food and convert it into energy. Common enzymes that are critical for health include (Nemours KidsHealth, 2023)

Amylase

  • Digestive helps break down starches.

Aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransaminase (ALT)

  • Help the liver convert sugar into energy.

Creatine Kinase (CK)

  • Helps muscles create energy.

DNA Polymerase

  • Facilitates growth by allowing DNA to duplicate.

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase

  • Keeps red blood cells healthy by preventing damage to the cell.

Lipase

  • A digestive enzyme that helps break down fats and oils.

Protease

  • Digestive helps break down proteins.

Thrombin

  • Causes blood to clot.

Deficiencies

If the body doesn’t make enough of a certain enzyme, it cannot undergo the bodily processes that the enzyme helps facilitate. This can lead to a variety of symptoms. Some are minor, like not being able to eat lactose. Others are serious, like developmental delays caused by the build-up of toxins. (Kennedy Krieger Institute, 2025) Usually, these deficiencies are caused by genetics.

Types

There are various deficiencies. Some are very rare, while others can lead to conditions such as: (Nemours KidsHealth, 2023)

Lactose Intolerance

  • This is caused by not having enough of the enzyme that breaks down lactose, a sugar found in milk, leading to gas and bloating.

Tay-Sachs Disease

  • An often fatal disease caused by a missing hexosaminidase, which is responsible for breaking down fats

Gilbert’s Syndrome

  • This is caused by a missing enzyme that removes waste product (bilirubin) from the blood, leading to bilirubin buildup and
  • Jaundice or yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes

Galactosemia

  • This leads to slow growth and trouble gaining weight, which is caused by the missing galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT), which helps break down a sugar called galactose.

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

  • This is caused by having too little phenylalanine hydroxylase, which breaks down a protein called phenylalanine, causing brain damage.

Morquio Syndrome

  • This is caused by having too few enzymes that break down glycosaminoglycans, a type of sugar molecule.
  • This leads to bone and growth abnormalities.

Wilson’s Disease

  • A liver disease is caused by a missing protein that helps break down copper in the body.

Enzyme Production Support

Eat a healthy, well-balanced diet of fruits and vegetables to support enzyme production. Avoid processed foods, especially those that are very fatty (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2025). The body produces all the necessary enzymes unless the individual has a genetic condition. Supplements aren’t usually required, but they can help with lactose intolerance or digestion in cystic fibrosis patients. (Nemours KidsHealth, 2023)

One supplement type, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), is available. PERT is an FDA-regulated prescription medication prescribed to patients with serious illnesses such as cystic fibrosis. (U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2019)

Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.


Chiropractic Care and Metabolism: The Hidden Link


References

National Human Genome Research Institute. (2025). Enzyme. Retrieved from https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Enzyme

Nemours KidsHealth. (2023). Enzymes. https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/enzymes.html

Kennedy Krieger Institute. (2025). Metabolic disorders. https://www.kennedykrieger.org/patient-care/conditions/metabolic-disorders

Johns Hopkins Health. (2025). Digestive enzymes and digestive enzyme supplements. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/digestive-enzymes-and-digestive-enzyme-supplements#:~:text=You’re%20better%20off%20building,your%20diet,%20especially%20fried%20foods.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019). FDA approves new breakthrough therapy for cystic fibrosis. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-new-breakthrough-therapy-cystic-fibrosis

Apple Cider Vinegar for Health and Wellness

Can individuals take one tablespoon of apple cider vinegar daily and see its health benefits?

Apple Cider Vinegar

Apple cider vinegar is a fermented liquid made from crushed apples. The sugars in the apples are converted to alcohol by yeast and then to acetic acid by bacteria, resulting in a sour-tasting liquid used in cooking and as a health supplement. Research suggests that consuming one tablespoon diluted in 8 ounces of water may offer various potential health benefits. (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2024)

Daily Consumption

A study found that drinking one tablespoon is enough to provide health benefits (Samad A, Azlan A, Ismail A. 2016)

Digestion

  • Acetic acid may help improve digestion and promote a healthy gut environment.

Weight Management

  • It may help increase feelings of fullness, potentially reducing overall calorie intake.

Blood Sugar Regulation

  • Some studies suggest it can improve insulin sensitivity and help manage blood sugar levels.

Antimicrobial

  • The vinegar possesses antimicrobial effects that may help fight off harmful bacteria.

Heart Health

  • Research indicates it might lower cholesterol and triglycerides or fats in the blood.

Skin Benefits

  • It may help balance skin pH and reduce acne when used in topically diluted form.

Safe Limit

  • Do not exceed two tablespoons daily to avoid side effects such as digestive discomfort. (MedlinePlus, 2024)

The recommended consumption time varies, but the consensus is to drink it before or during mealtime.

Safely Diluting

Apple cider vinegar is considered safe when consumed in small quantities. However, it should not be drunk straight. It is recommended that it be diluted in water before drinking. Each tablespoon should be diluted in 8 ounces of water. Ways to incorporate into your diet include: (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2024)

  • Add it to dishes when cooking
  • Salad dressings
  • Marinades
  • Sauces
  • Pickling

Risks and Side Effects

Apple cider vinegar is a supplement that should not replace prescribed medications or be used to cure any condition. One of the most significant considerations is its interactions with other substances that can alter the effects of one or more substances. Medications that can interact include: (MedlinePlus, 2024)

Insulin

  • Insulin regulates blood sugar levels.
  • Apple cider vinegar can decrease potassium levels.
  • Combined, they can cause potassium levels to be too low, affecting nerve and muscle function, including the heart.

Antidiabetic Meds

  • Both antidiabetic medications and apple cider vinegar lower blood sugar levels.
  • Taking these two together can cause unsafe blood sugar levels.

Diuretic Meds

  • Both apple cider vinegar and diuretic medications lower potassium levels.
  • These medications can cause potassium levels to drop too low when taken together.

Digoxin Heart Medication

  • Apple cider vinegar can lower potassium levels, increasing digoxin’s side effects.

Other side effects can include: (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2024)

  • Upset stomach
  • Esophagus irritation 
  • Tooth enamel erosion

In addition, individuals with kidney conditions may be unable to handle the excess acid from the vinegar. (University of Chicago Medicine, 2018)

Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic

Always contact a healthcare provider before starting a new supplement to ensure it is safe for the individual and their health. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.


Healthy Diet and Chiropractic


References

University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2024). What are the health benefits of apple cider vinegar? https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/what-are-the-health-benefits-of-apple-cider-vinegar.h00-159696756.html

Samad A, Azlan A, Ismail A. (2016). Therapeutic effects of vinegar: a review. Current Opinion in Food Science, 8, 56-61. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cofs.2016.03.001

National Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus. (2024). Apple cider vinegar. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/816.html

University of Chicago Medicine. (2018). Debunking the health benefits of apple cider vinegar. https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/health-and-wellness-articles/debunking-the-health-benefits-of-apple-cider-vinegar

Abdominal Self Massage Techniques for Constipation

For individuals struggling with constipation, a common digestive issue, could performing abdominal self-massage help bring relief?

Abdominal Self Massage

Constipation refers to having a bowel movement fewer than three times per week. In addition to stress, certain lifestyle issues can lead to constipation, including not getting enough fiber, exercise, and proper hydration. Many also experience constipation while traveling. Abdominal self-massage involves gently massaging the stomach with your hands, either in a circular motion or with strokes, to improve digestion, relieve constipation, and reduce bloating. Performing self-massage on and around the abdomen can help ease constipation in several ways, such as stimulating the muscles, producing bowel movements, and soothing chronic stress. (Sinclair M. 2011)

Massage and Constipation

Abdominal massage can provide several benefits, including:

Stimulates and Improves Digestion

  • Massage stimulates the muscles and nerves that control digestion, promoting bowel movements and reducing constipation.

Reduces Bloating

  • Massaging the abdomen may help to reduce bloating and gas by gently moving fluids and gases through the digestive system.
  • In addition, it can help soften stool, speed up the movement of stool through the gut, and reduce the need to use laxatives. (University of Michigan Medicine, 2021)

Relieves Constipation

  • Abdominal massage can help with constipation by encouraging bowel movements.

Reduces Pain and Discomfort

  • Some find that abdominal massage helps to reduce pain and discomfort related to digestive issues.
  • Massage can help relax tense abdominal muscles and reduce pain associated with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Improved lymphatic drainage

  • Massage helps move lymphatic fluid, which carries waste products and toxins away from the abdominal area.

Research

Although massage isn’t a standard treatment for constipation, some research shows it may help restore regularity. A report reviewed several clinical trials focusing on abdominal massage and its use as a treatment for chronic constipation. The results showed that abdominal massage may provide relief by promoting peristalsis, a series of muscle contractions that help move food through the digestive tract.  The report also found that massage may help lessen colonic transit time, which is when digested food passes through the colon or last segment of the digestive tract. The report determined that abdominal massage can help alleviate constipation-related pain and discomfort. (Sinclair M. 2011)

In clinical trials, individuals with constipation reported improved quality of life after abdominal self-massage. However, some research suggests that using abdominal massage for constipation relief will not decrease the use of laxatives, the most commonly used treatment. (Lämås K. et al., 2009)

How to Massage

Various massage techniques may help relieve constipation and promote bowel movements. These are typically performed while lying down.

  • One technique involves placing the palm on the abdomen and making small, circular, clockwise motions around your belly button.
  • Individuals can also widen these circles so that the massage covers their entire abdomen.
  • Another technique begins by placing your hand below your breastbone, then gliding that hand down the length of your abdomen in one smooth stroke.
  • Repeat the movement with the other hand and continue this cycle for a few minutes.
  • When practicing self-massage, use light and gentle pressure, then gradually increase the pressure.
  • If you experience pain or tenderness, lighten up and return to a comfortable pressure level.

Try performing massage twice daily, aiming for a 20-minute session. Incorporating deep breathing into each session may also help. Before trying a massage or any home remedy, it is recommended to discuss it with a healthcare provider to see if it’s appropriate and safe. Pregnant women, for example, should avoid any massage on their abdomen. Constipation can sometimes signal an underlying condition that requires medical treatment, such as an underactive thyroid. Other symptoms like abdominal pain may be present, but sometimes constipation may be the only symptom.

Other Remedies

Self-massage alone is unlikely to treat chronic constipation; the goal should be to improve overall digestion to keep the organs functioning properly. To maintain regularity, it’s essential to drink plenty of water daily, eat enough fiber-rich foods, and engage in physical activity. Other alternative treatments include therapies like:

  • Acupressure
  • Biofeedback
  • Probiotics

Before trying self-massage, consult a medical caregiver to ensure it is safe and correct for the individual. Abdominal massage may not help with painful bloating caused by disease, infection, or other reasons.

Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.


Massage Therapy Rehabilitation


References

Sinclair M. (2011). The use of abdominal massage to treat chronic constipation. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 15(4), 436–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2010.07.007

University of Michigan Medicine. (2021). Self-abdominal massage. https://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/MBCP/AbdominalSelfmassage.pdf

Lämås, K., Lindholm, L., Stenlund, H., Engström, B., & Jacobsson, C. (2009). Effects of abdominal massage in management of constipation–a randomized controlled trial. International journal of nursing studies, 46(6), 759–767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.01.007

Nutritional Yeast for Healthy Cooking and Nutrition

Can incorporating nutritional yeast be an option for individuals seeking a healthy vegan and vegetarian cheese substitute?

Nutritional Yeast

Nutritional yeast is a deactivated form of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, commonly known as baker’s or brewer’s yeast. It’s popular in vegan and vegetarian cooking for its savory, cheesy flavor and nutritional benefits. Nutritional yeast is harvested, rinsed, and heat-dried to deactivate it, removing its leavening properties. This means it doesn’t cause food to rise but adds flavor and vital nutrients.

Nutrition

Nutritional yeast nutrition information is for 16 grams or around 1.5 tablespoons. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2019)

  • Calories – 60
  • Fat – 0.5 grams
  • Sodium – 30 milligrams
  • Carbohydrates – 5 grams
  • Fiber – 3 grams
  • Sugars – 0 grams
  • Protein – 8 grams
  • Thiamin – vitamin B1 – 10 milligrams
  • Riboflavin – vitamin B2 – 10 milligrams
  • Vitamin B6 – 12 milligrams
  • Vitamin B12 – 24 micrograms

Carbohydrates

  • Around 1.5 tablespoons contains 5 grams of carbohydrates, including 3 grams of fiber.
  • Yeast provides an especially beneficial form of soluble fiber known as beta-glucan, with unique health benefits. (Bashir K. M. I., & Choi J. S. 2017)

Fats

  • Most brands are naturally fat-free.

Protein

  • It provides all essential amino acids with 8 grams per 1.5 tablespoons.

Vitamins and Minerals

Most nutritional yeast products are fortified with added B vitamins. Most provide 600% or more B vitamins per 16 grams and 1,000% of the daily value for vitamin B12, depending on the brand. It also has:

  • Calcium
  • Thiamin
  • Iron
  • Potassium

Nutritional Yeast Health Benefits

Health benefits include:

Reduces Risk of Anemia

Iron is typically the first nutrient to come to mind. However, inadequate folate or vitamin B12 also causes anemia. A common treatment for a vitamin B12 deficiency is injections, but large doses consumed can also be effective. (National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, 2024) Individuals who follow a plant-based or vegan diet often have limited sources of vitamin B12. Most brands of nutritional yeast are fortified with B12, providing more than 500% of the daily value per serving. Because B12 is water-soluble, it won’t cause toxicity when consumed in high doses and can serve as a key source of this essential nutrient.

Supports Heart Health

Nutritional yeast contains beta-glucan, a carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants, bacteria, and fungi. Higher intakes lead to favorable cardiovascular outcomes, including lowering bad cholesterol and increasing good cholesterol. (Bashir K. M. I., & Choi J. S. 2017) In addition, most brands contain potassium, which reduces blood pressure.

Promote Healthy Immune System Function

More research is needed, but several studies have shown how yeast-derived beta-glucan can strengthen the immune system. (Stier H., Ebbeskotte V., & Gruenwald J. 2014) These benefits are attributed to beta glucan’s bacterial fermentation in the intestines. Beta-glucan may also stimulate the activity of crucial immune system cells, like macrophages.

Prevents Constipation

Fiber is essential. The recommended fiber intake is at least 25 to 35 grams daily. Unfortunately, many do not get enough. Nutritional yeast contributes 3 grams of fiber per 16 grams. Fiber regulates bowel movements by pulling water into the colon and adding bulk and softness to stool. (University of Michigan, 2008)
Using nutritional yeast can help reach an adequate fiber intake.

Diabetes Management

Getting enough fiber helps prevent blood sugar fluctuations. Low-fiber diets have been shown to increase the risk of diabetes in various populations. (Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health, 2022) Fiber slows digestion and increases satiety, controlling hunger and the glycemic response. Fiber is beneficial for preventing diabetes and helping those with diabetes maintain good numbers.

Allergies

  • Individuals who suspect a yeast or mold allergy see an allergist for a full evaluation.
  • Yeast overgrowth is another possible condition that is unrelated to yeast allergies.
  • Yeast overgrowth can occur in compromised immune systems or following antibiotic treatment.
  • Because yeast is present in many foods, anyone with a true yeast allergy may have to avoid several food items, including baked goods, fermented alcoholic beverages, marmite/vegemite, sourdough bread, and certain multivitamins. (Cunningham E. 2013)

Adverse Effects

Nutritional yeast is inactive and unlikely to cause negative effects. However, for individuals who suffer from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or migraines, yeast may be a trigger. (UMass Medical School Center for Applied Nutrition, 2020)

Varieties

  • Nutritional yeast may be sold as granules, powder, or flakes. (UMass Medical School Center for Applied Nutrition, 2020)
  • Check the label to see if the product is fortified with added vitamins and minerals or has added sodium.
  • Nutritional yeast is a dry food product available year-round in supermarkets or sold in a bulk food bin.

Storage, Safety, and Use

Although nutritional yeast is a dry product, it will stay in the refrigerator longer after it has been opened. Store it in an airtight container, and be mindful of the expiration date on the label.

It can be added to savory dishes such as pasta, roasted meats, vegetables, and salads. Ways to use include:

  • On scrambled eggs.
  • On top of garlic bread.
  • Popcorn seasoning.
  • Add to soups.
  • In pasta dishes, as a substitute for parmesan cheese.
  • An alternative to cheese sauce.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop highly effective treatment plans through an integrated approach for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and integrated medicine protocols. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. The clinic can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Learning About Food Substitutions


References

U.S. Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central. (2019). Nutritional yeast. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/food-details/1744022/nutrients

Bashir, K. M. I., & Choi, J. S. (2017). Clinical and Physiological Perspectives of β-Glucans: The Past, Present, and Future. International journal of molecular sciences, 18(9), 1906. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18091906

National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. (2024). Vitamin B12: Fact sheet for health professionals. Retrieved from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-HealthProfessional/

Stier, H., Ebbeskotte, V., & Gruenwald, J. (2014). Immune-modulatory effects of dietary Yeast Beta-1,3/1,6-D-glucan. Nutrition journal, 13, 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-13-38

University of Michigan. (2008). Bowel function anatomy. https://medicine.umich.edu/sites/default/files/content/downloads/bowel-function.pdf

Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health. (2022). Fiber. https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/carbohydrates/fiber/

Cunningham E. (2013). Is there a diet for “yeast allergy”? Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113(3), 484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.01.013

UMass Medical School Center for Applied Nutrition. Chan, U., School, M., & Nutrition, C. F. A. (2020). Nutritional yeast: Nourishing or no-go? UM. https://www.umassmed.edu/nutrition/blog/blog-posts/2020/2/nutritional-yeast–nourishing-or-no-go/

Dates: Why You Should Include Them in Your Diet

Can adding dates to one’s diet be nutritious and provide various health benefits for individuals looking for a naturally sweet snack?

Dates

Dates are a type of dried fruit from the date palm tree. Dates are a healthy source of fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, niacin, folate, vitamin A, beta-carotene, lutein, and selenium. They can be a healthier alternative to refined sugar because they have a low glycemic index and do not cause a rapid spike in blood sugar levels. They are a rich source of nutrients, including:

  • Fiber: High in fiber, which promotes good digestion and helps keep you feeling full.
  • Potassium: This is essential for heart health and muscle function.
  • Magnesium: supports bone health and energy production.
  • Antioxidants: which protect the body from damage caused by free radicals.
  • Vitamins: a good source of vitamins B6, K, and A.

Consuming them in moderation is recommended, especially for individuals who are trying to lose weight or have diabetes. They are high in sugar, so individuals need to be mindful to avoid or limit additional sources of sugar. Nutritionists and dieticians recommend a modest dose of two large or three small dates, which is around 50 grams and provides half the sugar and calories.

Benefits

Lower Cholesterol

Research has shown that eating dates may also help lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, further research is needed as the current evidence is still inconclusive. (Mirghani H. O. 2024) A recent meta-analysis also showed no significant effect on LDL cholesterol but reduced total cholesterol in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Help Regulate Blood Sugar

Pitted dates generally don’t contain added sugars but can still contain a significant amount of natural sugars in sucrose, glucose, or fructose. Although their high sugar level may prevent individuals from eating dates as a healthy snack, a key difference between dates and sugary drinks, snacks, or other processed foods is that they contain high levels of fiber. Because of the fiber, which slows glucose absorption in the bloodstream, they also have a low glycemic index, which causes a smaller spike in blood sugar levels. (Mirghani H. O. 2021) Using dates as a sweetener can also be a healthier alternative to refined sugar and can be used in recipes to replace sugar. However, portion control is important.

Support Gut Health

Since dates are high in fiber, they can help the gastrointestinal tract but should be eaten in moderation as part of a balanced, healthy diet. However, they are recommended to be eaten with other fiber-rich foods, specifically those with lower sugar, that includes:

  • Leafy greens
  • Non-starchy vegetables
  • Whole grains
  • Legumes
  • Nuts
  • Seeds

Adding these foods to a diet can also benefit the microbiome. Dates and other fruits can improve the ratio of beneficial gut microbiota. (Eid N. et al., 2015) Eating too many dates could also cause diarrhea, but eating a few daily can help constipation.

Alternatives

  • Other dried fruits, such as prunes, figs, and apricots, are alternatives, but fresh fruits are an even better choice as they are much lower in calories.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop highly effective treatment plans through an integrated approach for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and integrated medicine protocols. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. The clinic can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Personalized Medicine and Wellness


References

Mirghani H. O. (2024). Effect of dates on blood glucose and lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes. World journal of diabetes, 15(6), 1079–1085. https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1079

Mirghani H. O. (2021). Dates fruits effects on blood glucose among patients with diabetes mellitus: A review and meta-analysis. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 37(4), 1230–1236. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.4.4112

Eid, N., Osmanova, H., Natchez, C., Walton, G., Costabile, A., Gibson, G., Rowland, I., & Spencer, J. P. (2015). Impact of palm date consumption on microbiota growth and large intestinal health: a randomised, controlled, cross-over, human intervention study. The British journal of nutrition, 114(8), 1226–1236. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515002780

GI Disorders Treatment: Seeking the Best Solutions

Discover key insights into GI disorders treatment to help manage symptoms and improve gastrointestinal health.

Introduction

Do you often feel bloated after meals? Experience persistent constipation or digestive discomfort? Or perhaps you suffer from joint stiffness and muscle pain with no clear cause? Many people are unaware that their gut health can significantly impact their musculoskeletal system. Emerging research highlights the intricate connection between gastrointestinal (GI) health and musculoskeletal function, showing that poor gut health can contribute to systemic inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, and chronic pain.

As a nurse practitioner specializing in physical and functional medicine, I have seen firsthand how addressing gut health can lead to profound improvements in musculoskeletal function and overall well-being. This article explores the gut-musculoskeletal connection and evidence-based, non-surgical strategies to alleviate pain and restore balance.


The Gut-Musculoskeletal Connection: How GI Disorders Impact the Body

1. Systemic Inflammation and Musculoskeletal Pain

Inflammation is a key player in both GI disorders and musculoskeletal conditions. When gut health is compromised—due to factors such as poor diet, stress, or dysbiosis—the body mounts an immune response, leading to chronic inflammation.

GI disorders like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) are commonly associated with systemic inflammation. Research has shown that inflammatory mediators released from the gut can trigger widespread pain and contribute to conditions like fibromyalgia, arthritis, and chronic fatigue syndrome (Casini et al., 2024).

2. Nutrient Malabsorption and Musculoskeletal Dysfunction

The gut is responsible for absorbing essential nutrients that support musculoskeletal health. Celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and chronic diarrhea can impair nutrient absorption, leading to deficiencies in:

  • Vitamin D (essential for bone health and immune regulation)
  • Magnesium (necessary for muscle relaxation and nerve function)
  • B Vitamins (important for energy metabolism and nervous system function)
  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids (anti-inflammatory properties)

Deficiencies in these nutrients can manifest as muscle cramps, weakness, joint pain, and fatigue, often mimicking other musculoskeletal disorders.

3. Gut Dysbiosis and the Nervous System

The gut, often referred to as the “second brain,” has a profound relationship with the nervous system. Gut dysbiosis, or an imbalance in gut bacteria, can lead to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut), allowing toxins and inflammatory molecules to enter the bloodstream. This, in turn, can trigger immune responses that contribute to chronic pain, joint stiffness, and muscle dysfunction (Casini et al., 2024).

Additionally, the gut-brain axis plays a significant role in pain perception. When gut health is compromised, it can disrupt neurotransmitter production (such as serotonin and dopamine), leading to increased pain sensitivity and mood disorders like anxiety and depression.

4. Visceral-Somatic Reflex and Referred Pain

GI disorders often create referred pain patterns, where discomfort originating in the gut is perceived as musculoskeletal pain.

  • GERD may cause chest and upper back pain.
  • IBS can lead to lower back and pelvic discomfort.
  • Chronic constipation can contribute to hip and sacroiliac joint pain.

This phenomenon, known as the visceral-somatic reflex, occurs when irritation in the internal organs triggers nerve responses that are felt in corresponding musculoskeletal structures (Farmer & Aziz, 2009).


Fighting Inflammation Naturally: Video


Functional and Non-Surgical Approaches to Restoring Gut and Musculoskeletal Health

1. Dietary Modifications for Gut Health

Optimizing gut health begins with nutrient-dense, anti-inflammatory dietary choices. Some effective dietary approaches include:

  • Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Emphasizes whole foods, omega-3s, and antioxidants.
  • Elimination Diet: Identifies and removes food sensitivities that trigger inflammation.
  • Low FODMAP Diet: Reduces fermentable carbohydrates that can cause bloating and gut distress.

A well-balanced diet supports gut microbiome diversity, reduces systemic inflammation, and promotes nutrient absorption (El-Salhy, 2019).

2. Probiotics and Prebiotics for Gut Microbiome Support

Restoring gut microbiome balance is crucial for reducing inflammation and improving digestion.

  • Probiotics: Contain beneficial bacteria that support gut integrity and immune function.
  • Prebiotics: Fiber-rich foods that nourish beneficial gut bacteria.

Studies show that probiotics and prebiotics help modulate the immune system, restore gut barrier function, and reduce pain associated with GI disorders (Roy & Dhaneshwar, 2023).

3. Stress Management for Gut-Musculoskeletal Health

Chronic stress exacerbates GI dysfunction and musculoskeletal pain. Incorporating stress-reducing techniques can significantly improve both systems:

  • Mindfulness & Meditation: Reduces gut sensitivity and pain perception.
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps manage stress-induced GI symptoms.
  • Breathwork & Yoga: Improves vagal nerve function, aiding digestion and relaxation.

4. Manual Therapies for Musculoskeletal and Gut Health

Various hands-on therapies can alleviate both GI and musculoskeletal symptoms:

  • Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy (OMT): Improves gut motility and reduces referred pain.
  • Visceral Manipulation: Releases abdominal restrictions to improve digestion.
  • Massage Therapy: Alleviates stress-related gut dysfunction and musculoskeletal tension.

5. Acupuncture for Gut and Pain Management

Acupuncture is an evidence-based approach that can modulate the autonomic nervous system, reduce inflammation, and improve gut motility. Studies show that acupuncture helps relieve IBS-related pain, bloating, and constipation(Li et al., 2023)


Conclusion: A Holistic Approach to Gut and Musculoskeletal Health

The connection between GI health and musculoskeletal function is undeniable. Chronic pain, joint stiffness, and muscle dysfunction often stem from underlying gut issues, making an integrative approach essential for effective treatment.

By incorporating functional medicine strategies such as dietary modifications, gut microbiome support, stress reduction, manual therapies, and acupuncture, individuals can address the root causes of dysfunction rather than just treating symptoms. These holistic, non-surgical interventions empower patients to take control of their health, reduce chronic pain, and achieve lasting well-being.

As a nurse practitioner specializing in physical and functional medicine, my goal is to help individuals restore balance to their gut and musculoskeletal systems. If you’re experiencing persistent pain, digestive issues, or unexplained musculoskeletal discomfort, it’s time to explore a functional medicine approach tailored to your needs.


Injury Medical & Functional Medicine Clinic

We associate with certified medical providers who understand the importance of the effects of GI disorders on not only the gut system but also the musculoskeletal system. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to implement small changes like physical activities and small dietary changes to their diet to reduce the chances of GI disorders from returning. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.


References

Casini, I., Massai, L., Solomita, E., Ortenzi, K., Pieretti, S., & Aloisi, A. M. (2024). Gastrointestinal Conditions Affect Chronic Pain and Quality of Life in Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 21(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21111435

El-Salhy, M. (2019). Nutritional Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases and Disorders. Nutrients, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123013

Farmer, A. D., & Aziz, Q. (2009). Visceral pain hypersensitivity in functional gastrointestinal disorders. Br Med Bull, 91, 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldp026

Konturek, P. C., Brzozowski, T., & Konturek, S. J. (2011). Stress and the gut: pathophysiology, clinical consequences, diagnostic approach and treatment options. J Physiol Pharmacol, 62(6), 591-599. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22314561

Li, X., Liu, S., Liu, H., & Zhu, J. J. (2023). Acupuncture for gastrointestinal diseases. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 306(12), 2997-3005. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24871

Malone, M., Waheed, A., & Samiullah, S. (2018). Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Functional Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders in Adults. FP Essent, 466, 21-28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29528206

Roy, S., & Dhaneshwar, S. (2023). Role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in management of inflammatory bowel disease: Current perspectives. World J Gastroenterol, 29(14), 2078-2100. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i14.2078

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Unlock the Potential of Parsley Tea for a Healthy Lifestyle

Can drinking parsley tea help improve overall health?

Parsley Tea

Parsley is commonly used as a garnish and to increase flavor in dishes. Some use parsley leaves instead of salt in their food to reduce their sodium intake. It is widely available in grocery stores and can be grown at home. Parsley tea is an herbal tea. Surprisingly, parsley tea benefits health, but not all of this is supported by scientific evidence. There are different kinds of parsley:

  • Curly leaf (Petroselinum crispum)
  • Flat leaf (Petroselinum neapolitanum) or Italian parsley.
  • Parsley is high in vitamins A, B, C, E, and K.
  • Parsley also provides fiber, iron, copper, calcium, and potassium.

The kind used in tea is up to you, based on flavor preferences.

Benefits

Parsley is believed to have various benefits, some of which are derived from consuming parsley tea. For example, parsley is used to freshen breath; however, adding sugar reduces dental benefits. Many women also suggest that parsley helps to ease menstrual cramps, and others say that consuming parsley or tea helps them eliminate excess water weight. However, further research is needed to support its benefits that include: (Ganea M. et al., 2024)

  • Asthma
  • Cough
  • Digestive problems
  • Menstrual problems
  • Fluid retention and swelling (edema)
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Kidney stones
  • Cracked or chapped skin
  • Bruises
  • Insect bites
  • Liver disorders
  • Tumors

Preparation

The quickest way to enjoy parsley tea is to use a parsley tea bag. Brands are available online and in health food stores. Parsley tea bags are manufactured using dried leaves, which can be stored in a cool, dry place and last much longer than fresh parsley. The herb is inexpensive, and making parsley tea at home is also cheap and easy.

Choose Parsley

  • Flat or curly.
  • Remove the leaves from the stems.
  • Gather about 1/8-1/4 cups of leaves for each cup of tea.
  • Place the leaves at the bottom of your cup or in a tea infuser.
  • Note: you can also use a French press to make parsley tea.
  • To do so, place the loose leaves at the bottom of the French press.

Heat Water

  • Once boiling, fill the cup or press with hot water.

Allow the Leaves to Steep

  • For about four minutes.
  • Steep longer if you prefer a stronger cup.
  • If you are new to parsley tea, start with a weaker cup and gradually increase the strength as you get used to the taste.

Remove the Parsley Leaves

  • With a spoon, remove the infuser and discard the leaves.
  • If you use a press, place the plunger on top and slowly press down to separate the leaves from the tea.
  • Flavor your tea with lemon or a little sugar (optional).

Side Effects

The FDA generally recognizes parsley as safe (GRAS). However, consuming large amounts—more than you would typically consume in amounts commonly found in food—can be dangerous. Having a cup of tea daily is not considered a large amount, but if you make tea with parsley oil or ground parsley seeds, your intake could be much higher than normal. Individuals who consume too much parsley may experience anemia and liver or kidney problems. (Alyami F. A., & Rabah D. M. 2011) Individuals who have diabetes, fluid retention, high blood pressure, or kidney disease should talk to their doctor to see if consuming parsley is safe for them, as it may cause side effects that can worsen their condition. Patients who undergo surgery are advised to avoid parsley in the two weeks before their procedure.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic focuses on and treats injuries and chronic pain syndromes through personalized care plans that improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs to relieve pain. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and various medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.


Optimizing Your Wellness


References

Ganea, M., Vicaș, L. G., Gligor, O., Sarac, I., Onisan, E., Nagy, C., Moisa, C., & Ghitea, T. C. (2024). Exploring the Therapeutic Efficacy of Parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) as a Functional Food: Implications in Immunological Tolerability, Reduction of Muscle Cramps, and Treatment of Dermatitis. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 29(3), 608. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030608

Alyami, F. A., & Rabah, D. M. (2011). Effect of drinking parsley leaf tea on urinary composition and urinary stones’ risk factors. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation: an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 22(3), 511–514.

Sparkling Water and Weight Loss: Does It Really Work?

Can individuals add sparkling water to their diet to help lower blood sugar and aid with weight loss?

Sparkling Water

Sparkling water is generally considered a healthy drink with health benefits. It is refreshing, increases hydration, improves digestion, and may even help with weight loss (Takahashi A. 2025) (University of Chicago Medicine, 2023). This is nothing new. A previous study suggested that carbonated water makes the body feel full. The carbonation in sparkling water can trick the stomach into feeling fuller, potentially reducing overall calorie intake by curbing snacking between meals, which could prevent overeating and weight gain. (Wakisaka S. et al., 2012) However, a new report suggests carbonated water may help with weight loss by enhancing glucose/sugar uptake and metabolism. (Takahashi A. 2025) But further research is needed.

Lower Blood Sugar Levels

The report compared the effects of carbonated water to hemodialysis, a treatment that filters blood for individuals with kidney failure. (Takahashi A. 2025) Hemodialysis turns the blood alkaline, enhancing glucose absorption and metabolism. (EurekAlert, 2025)

Researchers assume that the carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbed after drinking sparkling water and the CO2 supplied during hemodialysis behave similarly. Carbonated water may consume glucose in the blood near the stomach, temporarily lowering blood sugar levels. However, the researchers suggested that follow-up continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) studies to measure blood sugar levels before and after drinking carbonated water would be necessary to validate the effect.

This does not mean that after drinking sparkling water, there will be major changes to an individual’s weight. Something metabolically is probably happening, but it’s still barely being discovered. The impact of CO2 in carbonated water is not a standalone solution for weight loss. (Takahashi A. 2025)

Adding To A Diet

If sparkling water can help manage blood glucose, it could also affect how the body stores fat. Over time, high blood sugar levels can overwhelm the body, and excess sugar becomes stored as body fat instead of being stored properly for energy use, causing weight gain. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024) But for the most part, according to the research, the carbon dioxide in sparkling water may help to prevent this by stimulating glycolysis, or the process the body uses to break down glucose for energy and keep blood sugar levels low. (National Cancer Institute, N.D) (Takahashi A. 2025) Further research is needed to confirm and understand how sparkling water can proficiently and effectively work for weight loss.

Carbonated water alone is unlikely to contribute to significant weight loss. However, sparkling water can be a useful tool for weight loss as part of a healthy lifestyle (Takahashi A. 2025). A balanced diet and regular exercise are still essential for effective weight management.

Weight Gain

Some researchers have questioned whether sparkling water can lead to weight gain. A study on rats and humans found a link between drinking carbonated water and increased levels of the hunger-stimulating hormone ghrelin. (Eweis D. S., Abed F., & Stiban J. 2017) This could lead to increased appetite and higher calorie consumption, but more research is needed, as sleep, physical activity levels and hydration also impact hormones.

Individuals interested in including carbonated water in a balanced diet should check the labels for the caloric content, added sugars, and sugar alcohols, like xylitol or erythritol, which can cause gas or bloating. It is ideal if the label says water and carbonation; the fewer ingredients, the better.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.


Chiropractic Care and Metabolism: The Hidden Link


References

Takahashi A. (2025). Can carbonated water support weight loss? BMJ Nutr Prev Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001108

University of Chicago Medicine. (2023). Is sparkling water good for you? What about hard seltzer? https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/health-and-wellness-articles/is-carbonated-water-good-for-you

Wakisaka, S., Nagai, H., Mura, E., Matsumoto, T., Moritani, T., & Nagai, N. (2012). The effects of carbonated water upon gastric and cardiac activities and fullness in healthy young women. Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 58(5), 333–338. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.58.333

EurekAlert. (2025). Fizzy water might aid weight loss by boosting glucose uptake and metabolism. BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjnph-2024-001108

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). About insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/about/insulin-resistance-type-2-diabetes.html

National Cancer Institute. (N.D.). Glycolysis. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/glycolysis

Eweis, D. S., Abed, F., & Stiban, J. (2017). Carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages induces ghrelin release and increased food consumption in male rats: Implications on the onset of obesity. Obesity research & clinical practice, 11(5), 534–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2017.02.001

Exploring the Beneficial Properties of Probiotic and Prebiotic for the Body

Can individuals dealing with gut issues incorporate the beneficial properties of probiotics and prebiotics to improve body function?

How The Gut Works Together With The Body

When many individuals are dealing with chronic issues that are causing referred pain in their bodies, it could be an issue that is affecting their gut system. Have you experienced unpredictable food reactions that make you unable to enjoy your favorite meal or food item anymore? Do you notice any abdominal swelling after a heavy meal? Or have you been more constipated and found it difficult to go to the bathroom? This is because the gut system is the second brain of the human body. The gastrointestinal (GI) system provides many beneficial properties to the host and the human body. It helps strengthen the gut’s integrity, harvest and give energy, protect the body from foreign pathogens, and regulate the immune system. (Thursby & Juge, 2017) Inside the gut system is home to trillions of bacteria that help transport the nutrients and vitamins of food to different areas of the body. This, in turn, gives the individual the energy to be mobile and complete their daily activities.  However, environmental factors like illnesses, stress, bad dietary habits, and lifestyles can cause the gut ecosystem to undergo abnormal changes, causing gut dysbiosis. (Zhang et al., 2015)

When environmental factors impact the body, especially the gut system, the immune system produces inflammatory cytokines caused by certain bacteria. Once certain structural component bacteria strains trigger inflammation, it can cause a cascade of inflammatory pathways to affect the entire body, causing the individual to experience pain and discomfort. (Al Bander et al., 2020) Additionally, gut dysbiosis can also be associated with the occurrence of several chronic metabolic diseases that are developed. (Xiong et al., 2023) Fortunately, there are numerous ways people can reduce the impact of gut dysbiosis and help restore normal body function by including probiotics and prebiotics. We associate with certified medical providers who inform our patients of how the gut system can affect the body when environmental factors impact it. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to integrate various probiotic and prebiotic foods to help regulate healthy bacteria back to the gut and reduce pain and discomfort in the body. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.


Nutrition Fundamentals- Video


Probiotic & Prebiotic Foods For The Gut

Now, when it comes to the gut system, it is important to know that trillions of bacteria help with gut regulation. When environmental factors cause various issues, it can cause pain and discomfort to the rest of the body. Hence, incorporating probiotics and prebiotics can help regulate the gut and reduce the impact of harmful bacteria from affecting the body. As part of a healthy diet, probiotics have the potential to regulate gut microbiota by affecting the intestinal microbial dynamics and homeostasis, thus influencing the intestines and distill organs physiology. (Kim et al., 2021) Additionally, when a person is incorporating probiotics and prebiotics to regulate their gut, it can be used to help manipulate the host’s microbiota while being used for potential therapeutic strategies. (Radford-Smith & Anthony, 2023) Some of the foods that have probiotics and prebiotics include:

  • Jicama
  • Bananas
  • Garlic
  • Miso
  • Kimchi
  • Yogurt

How Probiotics & Prebiotics Improve Body Function

When people start to incorporate prebiotics and probiotics, they will notice an increased abundance of health-promoting bacteria that can increase microbiome diversity and metabolic pathways that can affect the qualitative and quantitative changes of the gut composition. (Jager et al., 2019) Different bacterial strains can have various properties that can help with the gastrointestinal microbiome diversity and improve the body through metabolic support.

Conclusion

So, when people think about their health and wellness, the best place to start is with the gut by adding prebiotics and probiotics as part of a healthy diet. This, in turn, can help the loss of beneficial bacteria that have been affected by environmental factors and can help reduce the inflammatory effects of chronic illnesses. Making these small changes can be helpful to one’s health and well-being and allow many people to come up with tasty food combinations to improve gut health and metabolic pathways.


References

Al Bander, Z., Nitert, M. D., Mousa, A., & Naderpoor, N. (2020). The Gut Microbiota and Inflammation: An Overview. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207618

Jager, R., Mohr, A. E., Carpenter, K. C., Kerksick, C. M., Purpura, M., Moussa, A., Townsend, J. R., Lamprecht, M., West, N. P., Black, K., Gleeson, M., Pyne, D. B., Wells, S. D., Arent, S. M., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Kreider, R. B., Campbell, B. I., Bannock, L., Scheiman, J.,…Antonio, J. (2019). International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 16(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-019-0329-0

Kim, C. S., Cha, L., Sim, M., Jung, S., Chun, W. Y., Baik, H. W., & Shin, D. M. (2021). Probiotic Supplementation Improves Cognitive Function and Mood with Changes in Gut Microbiota in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 76(1), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa090

Radford-Smith, D. E., & Anthony, D. C. (2023). Prebiotic and Probiotic Modulation of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Depression. Nutrients, 15(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15081880

Thursby, E., & Juge, N. (2017). Introduction to the human gut microbiota. Biochem J, 474(11), 1823-1836. https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20160510

Xiong, R. G., Li, J., Cheng, J., Zhou, D. D., Wu, S. X., Huang, S. Y., Saimaiti, A., Yang, Z. J., Gan, R. Y., & Li, H. B. (2023). The Role of Gut Microbiota in Anxiety, Depression, and Other Mental Disorders as Well as the Protective Effects of Dietary Components. Nutrients, 15(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143258

Zhang, Y. J., Li, S., Gan, R. Y., Zhou, T., Xu, D. P., & Li, H. B. (2015). Impacts of gut bacteria on human health and diseases. Int J Mol Sci, 16(4), 7493-7519. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms16047493

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Miso: A Superfood with Beneficial Properities for Your Well-Being

Can individuals incorporate miso into their diets to improve their gut health and utilize its beneficial properties?

What Is Miso?

As the weather starts to get colder, many people start thinking about making soups, stews, and hot foods. However, when it comes to a person’s health and wellness, many people wonder what to add to their soups while adding many nutritional foods and proteins that can make them not only flavorful but also add beneficial properties to their diet. Why not add miso? Miso is fermented soybean paste, a rice-based food product in Japan that is a staple cooking product. (Saeed et al., 2022) Additionally, since miso is a soybean product, many people incorporate it into their soups as it contributes to many health benefits to Japanese-style diets and can even enhance various dishes. (Ito, 2020) At the same time, many people who start to incorporate miso as part of their diet will notice some beneficial results in their gut system. We associate with certified medical providers who inform our patients of the benefits of incorporating miso into a nutritional diet. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to integrate ways to add miso to their foods and help reduce bad bacterial growth in their gut system. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.

Types Of Miso

Miso can come in various types depending on how long it has been left to be fermented and its ingredients to see what color and flavor intensity will be put into the cooking. All miso products are in paste form and can be paired well with any protein like chicken, meat, and fish. The types of miso include:

  • White miso (Shiro miso): Mildest, sweet, less salty
  • Yellow miso (Shinshu miso): Mild, earthier, more acidic
  • Red miso (Aka miso): Salty, slightly bitter
  • Brown rice miso (Genmai miso): Sweet, mild, earthy
  • Barley miso (Mugi miso): Mild, earthy, not gluten-free

Miso Nutritional Facts

When it comes to the nutritional facts of miso, one tablespoon of miso contains about:

  • 1 tbsp of miso: 17g
  • Calories: 34
  • Total Fats: 1g
  • Cholesterol: 0mg
  • Sodium: 634mg
  • Total Carbohydrates: 4.3g
  • Protein: 2.2g

It is important to note that a bit of miso goes a long way due to its high sodium content and its various vitamins and nutrients.


Eat Right To Feel Better- Video


Beneficial Properties of Miso

When it comes to the beneficial properties of miso, it has numerous benefits that can help the body provide the nutrients it needs to fuel. Since miso is a fermented seasoning, it is rich in nutrients and has probiotic microorganisms that can help propagate healthy good bacteria to the gut while enhancing the immune system. (Paul et al., 2023) Additionally, when consumed daily, miso can help improve skin moisture, stimulate ceramides, have an anti-hypertensive effect, and many other beneficial effects. (Kotake et al., 2022)

Improves Gut Health

Since miso is a probiotic, it can help many individuals with gut issues since the gut system has trillions of bacteria that activate and mediate the body. (de Vos et al., 2022) Many people don’t realize that the gut is known as the second brain, and when environmental factors start to affect the gut, it can cause many health problems. So, adding miso can help influence good bacteria to reduce harmful bacteria and directly influence the epithelial immune cells of the GI tract. (Wieers et al., 2019)

Incorporating Miso In Your Diet

Since miso has a sweet/salty flavor, it can be used in various recipes. It can be taken in small amounts depending on the individual’s taste and what ingredients many people use for their cooking. At the same time, if a person is on a low-sodium diet, limiting the intake or avoiding it if they have a food allergy to soy is best. Making small changes and adding healthy nutritional substitutes to food can help many people live healthier.


References

de Vos, W. M., Tilg, H., Van Hul, M., & Cani, P. D. (2022). Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights. Gut, 71(5), 1020-1032. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326789

Ito, K. (2020). Review of the health benefits of habitual consumption of miso soup: focus on the effects on sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, and heart rate. Environ Health Prev Med, 25(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-020-00883-4

Kotake, K., Kumazawa, T., Nakamura, K., Shimizu, Y., Ayabe, T., & Adachi, T. (2022). Ingestion of miso regulates immunological robustness in mice. PLOS ONE, 17(1), e0261680. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261680

Paul, A. K., Lim, C. L., Apu, M. A. I., Dolma, K. G., Gupta, M., de Lourdes Pereira, M., Wilairatana, P., Rahmatullah, M., Wiart, C., & Nissapatorn, V. (2023). Are Fermented Foods Effective against Inflammatory Diseases? Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032481

Saeed, F., Afzaal, M., Shah, Y. A., Khan, M. H., Hussain, M., Ikram, A., Ateeq, H., Noman, M., Saewan, S. A., & Khashroum, A. O. (2022). Miso: A traditional nutritious & health-endorsing fermented product. Food Sci Nutr, 10(12), 4103-4111. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3029

Wieers, G., Belkhir, L., Enaud, R., Leclercq, S., Philippart de Foy, J. M., Dequenne, I., de Timary, P., & Cani, P. D. (2019). How Probiotics Affect the Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 9, 454. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00454

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